遵义地区脑卒中患者生活方式和饮食习惯现状调查及危险因素分析

目的 调查遵义地区脑卒中患者的生活方式和饮食习惯现状，探讨该地区脑卒中的危险因素。方法 采用病例对照研究方法，以在遵义市第一人民医院住院的患者为研究对象，于2017年1月- 2019年1月期间收集280对病例对照，研究遵义地区脑卒中患病的危险因素。结果 遵义地区脑卒中患病的危险因素有超重或肥胖（OR = 2.782，95%CI = 1.742～4.442）、高血压（OR = 3.124，95%CI = 1.689～5.778）、吸烟（OR = 2.456，95%CI = 1.543～3.912）、饮酒（OR = 2.324，95%CI = 1.288～4.191）、缺乏运动（OR = 1.873，95%CI = 1.108～3.168）、高盐（OR = 3.074，95%CI = 2.069～4.568）、高脂（OR = 2.421，95%CI = 1.381～4.242）、尿酸（OR = 2.547，95%CI = 1.582～4.100）、空腹血糖（OR = 2.032，95%CI = 1.300～3.177）、TG（OR = 1.928，95%CI = 1.340～2.770）和LDL - C（OR = 1.903，95%CI = 1.202～3.010）（P＜0.05），保护因素为摄入充足的蔬菜（OR = 0.438，95%CI = 0.221～0.866）（P＜0.05）。结论 遵义地区脑卒中患病的危险因素众多，应根据上述危险因素对该地区的高危人群提出有针对性地干预措施，以达到有效预防脑卒中发生的目的。

Current status of lifestyle and dietary habit and the risk factors among stroke patients in Zunyi

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current lifestyle and dietary habits of stroke patients in Zunyi and to explore the risk factors of stroke in this area. Methods A case -control study was conducted to research the risk factors of stroke in Zunyi area, and a total of 280 pairs of case-controls were collected from patients admitted to the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City from January 2017 to January 2019. Results Risk factors for stroke in Zunyi area were overweight or obesity(OR=2.782, 95%CI=1.742-4.442), hypertension (OR=3.124, 95%CI=1.689-5.778), smoking (OR=2.456, 95%CI=1.543-3.912), drinking (OR=2.324, 95%CI=1.288-4.191), lack of exercise (OR=1.873, 95%CI=1.108-3.168), high salt (OR=3.074, 95%CI=2.069-4.568), high fat (OR=2.421, 95%CI=1.381-4.242), uric acid (OR=2.547, 95%CI=1.582-4.100), fasting blood glucose (OR=2.032, 95%CI=1.300-3.177), TG（OR=1.928，95%CI=1.340-2.770） and LDL-C (OR=1.903, 95%CI=1.202-3.010) (P<0.05), and the protective factor was adequate intake of vegetables (OR=0.438，95%CI=0.221-0.866) (P<0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors for stroke in Zunyi. Targeted intervention measures should be proposed for high-risk population in this area according to the above -mentioned risk factors, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of stroke.