重庆市主城区居民无偿献血KAP状况调查及影响因素研究

目的 了解重庆市主城区居民无偿献血相关知识、态度和行为（KAP）现状，分析其影响因素，为提高居民无偿献血积极性提供针对性建议。方法 根据知信行理论自行设计调查问卷，采用方便抽样方法对重庆市主城9区居民进行抽样调查。结果 年龄、学历、职业、献血史是居民无偿献血知识认知情况的影响因素，≤19岁（OR = 3.804，95% CI:1.739～8.325）、20～29岁（OR = 2.725，95% CI:1.532～4.846）、本科/大专（OR = 2.356，95% CI:1.469～3.779）、硕士及以上学历（OR = 3.597，95% CI:1.771～7.305）、有献血史（OR = 4.272，95% CI:2.898～6.298）居民对无偿献血知识认知程度更高，个体工商户（OR = 0.500，95% CI:0.305～0.820）、农民/农民工（OR = 0.300，95% CI:0.143～0.628）、离/退休（OR = 0.286，95% CI:0.087～0.934）居民认知程度较低；学历、献血史是居民无偿献血态度的影响因素，居民献血意愿随学历呈现逐渐增高的趋势，有献血史居民（OR = 1.443，95% CI:1.028～2.025）献血意愿更强；职业是居民无偿献血行为的影响因素，农民/农民工（OR = 0.352，95% CI:0.147～0.847）献血率较低。结论 重庆市居民无偿献血知识认知较高，献血意愿较强，但献血行为有待改善。

Investigation on KAP status and influencing factors of voluntary blood donation among residents in Chongqing main urban area

The aim of this study was to understand the current situation of knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP)related to voluntary blood donation among residents in the main urban area of Chongqing, analyze its influencing factors, and provide targeted suggestions for improving the enthusiasm of residents for voluntary blood donation. Methods According to the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice, the author designed a questionnaire and conducted a convenient sampling survey of residents in nine districts of Chongqing. Results Age, education, occupation and blood donation history were the influencing factors of residents’ knowledge and cognition of unpaid blood donation. Residents ≤ 19 years old(OR=3.804,95% CI:1.739-8.325), 20-29 years old(OR=2.725,95% CI:1.532-4.846), with a bachelor degree/college degree(OR=2.356,95% CI:1.469-3.779), with a master degree or above(OR=3.597, 95% CI:1.771-7.305), and with history of blood donation(OR =4.272, 95% CI:2.898-6.298) had a higher level of knowledge about blood donation. And residents registered as individual industrial and commercial households(OR=0.500, 95% CI:0.305-0.820), farmers/migrant workers(OR=0.300, 95%CI:0.143-0.628), and retired residents(OR =0.286, 95% CI:0.087-0.934) had lower cognitive level. Education and blood donation history were the influencing factors of attitude towards blood donation. The willingness to donate blood increased with increasing educational background. The willingness to donate blood was stronger among those with a blood donation history(OR=1.443, 95% CI: 1.028-2.025). Occupation was the influencing factor of voluntary blood donation, and the rate of blood donation was low among peasants/peasant workers(OR=0.352, 95% CI:0.147-0.847). Conclusion Chongqing residents had high knowledge of voluntary blood donation and strong willingness to donate blood. However, blood donation behavior needs to be improved.