339例需氧菌性阴道炎感染病原菌特征及耐药性

目的 分析女性需氧菌性阴道炎病原菌特征，为需氧菌性阴道炎治疗提供参考。方法 收集2018 - 2019年医院收治的339例需氧菌性阴道炎患者，进行细菌鉴定及药敏分析。结果 339例需氧菌性阴道炎患者中，25～29岁区间患者122例（35.99%），为AV高发年龄段；其次为30～34岁区间患者97例（28.61%）。主要病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌（25.92%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（22.25%）、B群链球菌（14.65%）和粪肠球菌（9.86%）。G+球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺均敏感，金黄色葡萄球菌对呋喃妥因、左氧氟沙星耐药率低于30%。大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率较低，对氨曲南、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类药物耐药率在30%左右。结论 需氧菌性阴道炎患者感染病原菌以G+球菌为主，G-杆菌较少，喹诺酮类及氨基糖苷类药物是经验性治疗和预防的推荐药物，同时应开展育龄妇女阴道感染筛查，降低感染的发生。

Characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria infected with aerobic vaginitis in reproductive age

The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of pathogens of female aerobic vaginitis in order to provide reference for the treatment of aerobic vaginitis. Methods 339 cases of aerobic vaginitis admitted to hospitals from 2018 to 2019 were collected for bacterial identification and drug susceptibility analysis. Results Among the 339 cases of aerobic vaginitis, there were 122 patients (35.99%) between 25 and 29 years old, which was the age group with high incidence of AV. This was followed by 97 patients aged from 30 to 34 (28.61% ). The main pathogens were Escherichia coli (25.92% ),Staphylococcus aureus (22.25%), group B streptococcus (14.65%) and Enterococcus faecalis (9.86%). G+ coccus was sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid, while Staphylococcus aureus had a drug resistance rate of less than 30% to fruition and levofloxacin. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to commonly used antibacterial drugs was low, while the resistance rate of aminoglycosides and quinolones was about 30%. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria in the patients with aerobic vaginitis were mainly G +coccus, with fewer g-bacilli. Quinolones and aminoglycosides are recommended for empirical treatment and prevention. At the same time, vaginal infection screening should be carried out in women of childbearing age to reduce the incidence of infection.