河北省轻、重污染城市大气污染对居民非意外死亡的影响研究

目的 阐明河北省轻、重污染城市大气污染对人群健康的影响。方法 收集石家庄市、张家口市居民非意外死亡监测资料，并获取同期空气质量、气象数据，采用SPSS 22.0、R 3.5.3进行数据整理，Spearman秩相关、主成分分析、广义相加模型对数据进行分析。结果 石家庄市主要以气态污染物SO2、NO2对居民非意外死亡存在显著影响，污染物浓度每升高10 μg/m3，非意外死亡人数分别增加1.184% (95% CI: 0.485%～1.887%)、0.979% (95% CI: 0.205%～1.760%)；张家口市以颗粒物PM10、PM2.5及气态污染物O3为危害居民健康的主要因素，污染物浓度每升高10 μg/m3，非意外死亡人数分别增加3.083%(95% CI:2.367%～3.805%)、4.885%(95% CI:3.407%～6.384%)、2.811%(95% CI:1.188%～4.460%)。结论 大气污染对居民非意外死亡存在明显地域性差异且存在易感人群。

Impact of air pollution on non-accidental deaths of residents in lightly and heavily polluted cities,Hebei

To clarify the impact of air pollution on the health in lightly and heavily polluted cities in Hebei Province.Methods The monitoring data of non-accidental deaths of residents in Shijiazhuang and Zhangjiakou were collected, and the airquality and meteorological data were obtained during the same period. SPSS 22.0 and R 3.5.3 were used to sort the data.Spearman rank correlation, principal component analysis and generalized addition model were used for data analysis. ResultsThe gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 in Shijiazhuang City had a significant impact on unintentional deaths of residents. Forevery 10 μg/m3 increase in pollutant concentration, the number of unintentional deaths increased by 1.184% (95%CI: 0.485%,1.887%) and 0.979% (95%CI: 0.205%, 1.760%), respectively. Zhangjiakou City took PM10, PM2.5 and gaseous pollutants O3 asthe main factors that endangered the health of residents. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in pollutant concentration, the number ofnon-accidental deaths increased by 3.083% (95%CI: 2.367%, 3.805%), 4.885% (95%CI: 3.407%, 6.384%) and 2.811%(95%CI:1.188%, 4.460%), respectively. Conclusion Air pollution has obvious regional differences in unintentional deaths of residents,and the susceptible populations exist.