太原市社区老年人认知功能现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解太原市社区60岁以上老年人认知功能现状及相关影响因素，为建立认知功能障碍的社区早期干预模式提供依据。方法 于2018年9 - 10月采用随机抽样方法，在太原市5个社区选取60岁以上老年人410名进行问卷调查，包括MoCA量表，GDS量表和FAQ量表，结合社会人口学、生活方式、健康状况来探讨社区老年人认知功能障碍的影响因素。结果 有效调查老年人共407名，平均年龄(71.47±7.446)岁，平均认知功能水平(24.01±4.727) 分，处于较低水平；认知功能障碍检出186人，检出率为45.70%。多因素logistic回归分析发现年龄、吸烟、日常活动障碍和抑郁为老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素，婚姻状态、教育水平和体育锻炼为保护因素。结论 对教育水平低、独居的高龄老年人进行关注，鼓励其积极参加锻炼或有益于身心健康的活动，改变过去的不良生活习惯，以延缓和预防认知障碍的发生。

Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of the elderly with cognitive dysfunction in community in Taiyuan City

The study aimed to investigate the current status of cognitive function of the elderly aged over 60 in the community of Taiyuan City, and to explore related influencing factors so as to provide basis for effectively preventing elderly cognitive dysfunction. Methods From September to October 2018, a random sampling method was used to select 410 elderly people over 60 years old in 5 communities in Taiyuan City to conduct a questionnaire survey, including MoCA scale, GDS scale and FAQ scale, combining social demography lifestyle, and health status to explore the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly in the community. Results A total of 407 elderly people were effectively surveyed, with an average age of(71.47±7.446) years old and an average cognitive function level of(24.01±4.727) scores which was at a low level; 186 people with cognitive dysfunction were detected, and the detection rate was 45.70%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking, daily activity dysfunction and depression were risk factors for cognitive impairment; marital status,educational level, physical exercise were protective factors in the elderly. Conclusion We should pay attention to the elderly with low educational level and living alone, encourage them to take an active part in exercise or activities that are beneficial to physical and mental health, and change the past bad habits to delay and prevent the occurrence of cognitive impairment.