贵州省黔南州农村少数民族18～79 岁居民糖尿病及糖尿病前期流行病学调查

目的 了解黔南州农村少数民族18～79 岁居民糖尿病及糖尿病前期的流行情况，为开展糖尿病防治提供依据。方法 于2017年10月—2019年9月，对49 787名贵州省黔南州农村少数民族18～79岁居民，采用自行编制《贵州省黔南州糖尿病流行病学调查表》进行问卷调查，依据《WHO糖尿病诊断标准（1999）》进行诊断。结果 49 787名黔南州农村少数民族20～79岁居民中，糖尿病及糖尿病前期现患3 496例和4 117例，患病率分别为7.02%（95%CI = 6.672%～10.732%，男性7.72%，女性6.04%）和8.27%（95%CI = 5.987%～9.324%，男性9.17%，女性7.01%）。男性糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率高于女性（χ2值为52.35、74.755，P＜0.01)。糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率随年龄增大逐渐升高（χ2趋势值为86.972、105.745，P＜0.01）。布依族、苗族、水族、毛南族、瑶族糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率分别为9.25%、8.79%、5.94%、5.34%、4.27%和12.21%、9.66%、6.62%、6.17%、4.58%。不同民族间糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。黔南州12县（市）中糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率排前3位分别是惠水县（9.68%、10.95%）、都匀市（8.73%、9.65%）、独山县（8.60%、9.46%）。结论 黔南州农村少数民族18～79岁居民糖尿病及糖尿病前期的患病率低于全国平均水平，但面对该地区潜在糖尿病负担，需对高危人群进行有效干预，降低糖尿病发病风险。

Epidemiological investigation of resident with diabetes and prediabetes from rural minorities 18 to 79 years old of Qiannan in Guizhou province

The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of resident with diabetes and prediabetes fromrural minoritie 18 to 79 years old of Qiannan in Guizhou province, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention andcontrol of diabetes for resident. Methods A total of 49 787 rural minority subjects (age:18-79 years) of Qiannan autonomousprefecture of Guizhou province were selected by cluster random sampling method from October of 2017 to September of 2018and investigated with Epidemiological diabetes Survey Questionnaire of Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture. Diagnosis was basedon the guideline for WHO diabetes diagnosis (1999). Results Among 49 787 of resident from rural minorities 18 to 79 yearsold, 3 496 resident had diabetes and 4 177 resident had prediabetes. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was 7.02%(male: 7.72%; female:6.04%) (95%CI=6.672-10.732) and 8.27% (male: 9.17%; female: 7.01%) (95%CI=5.987-9.324). Therewas significant difference in prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes of male and female (χ2 was 52.35, 74.755, P<0.01). Theprevalence of diabetes and prediabetes increased with age (χ2trend was 86.972, 105.745. P<0.01). The prevalence of diabetesand prediabetes of Buyi, Miao, Shui, Maonan and Yao nationalities were 9.25%, 8.79%, 5.94%, 5.34%, 4.27% and 12.21%,9.66%,6.62%,6.17%,4.58%.respectively.There was significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes amongdifferent nationalities (P<0.01). The top three prevalence rates of diabetes and prediabetes were Huishui County (9.68%,10.95%), Duyun city (8.73%, 9.65%) and Dushan county (8.60%, 9.46%) of Qiannan. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetesand prediabetes were relatively low in the rural area of Qiannan in Guizhou province. However, it is still essential to takeactive interventions in people at high risk of diabetes in order to prevent the incident diabetes.