ICU转科患者家属迁移应激水平及其主要影响因素分析

目的调查ICU转科患者家属迁移应激水平,并分析其影响因素,为制订有效的干预策略提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样法,选取2018年11月至2019年6月在本院综合ICU接受治疗的209例患者的家属为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、ICU转出患者家属转科应激压力评估量表和简易应对方式量表进行调查。结果ICU转科患者家属迁移应激总分为(67.14±4.22)分;相关分析显示,迁移应激总分与应对方式中积极应对维度呈负相关,与消极应对维度呈负相关;回归分析显示积极应对、家属性别、与患者关系及患者入住ICU时长是ICU转科患者家属迁移应激的影响因素(均P<0.01)。结论ICU转科患者家属迁移应激呈现中高水平的现状,女性、与患者关系较为亲密、外科术后入住ICU时长较短的家属迁移应激水平较高,提示医护人员应对上述群体给予更多的关注、激发其积极应对方式,以降低其迁移应激水平。

Levels of relocation stress and its primary influencing factors of ICU transferring patients'families

Objective To investigate the level of relocation stress and its primary influencing factors of ICU transferring patients'families,aiming at providing theoretical basis for formulating effective intervention strategies.Methods Using convenient sampling method,the families of 209 patients who were treated in comprehensive ICU of a general hospital from November 2018 to June 2019 were selected as research participants.The study was done using the general situation questionnaire of patients'families,the family relocation stress scale during patient transferring from ICU and the simplified coping style scale.Results The total score of relocation stress of ICU transferring patients'families was(67.14±4.22).Correlation analysis showed that total score of relocation stress was negatively correlated with positive coping style,positively correlated with negative coping style.Regression analysis showed that positive coping style,families'gender,relationship with patient and ICU stay of patients were primary influencing factors for relocation stress of ICU transferring patients'families(P<0.01).Conclusions The relocation stress of ICU transferring patients'families is between a medium and high level.The family members with women,more intimately related with patient,with shorter duration of postoperative patient staying in ICU,have higher relocation stress.It is suggested that doctors and nurses should pay more attention to these groups of patients,stimulating their positive coping style to reduce their relocation stress.