大学生丙型肝炎的认知情况及影响因素分析

目的 调查大学生对丙肝及其预防知识的知晓情况，探究影响丙肝知识知晓率的因素。方法 通过多阶段整群随机抽样的方法抽取河南省两所综合院校的在校大学生1429名，采用问卷调查了解河南省大学生丙型肝炎的认知情况。使用多元线性回归分析大学生丙型肝炎认知情况的影响因素。结果 问卷有效回收率为98.55%。1429名大学生的丙肝知识总体知晓率为62.32%，问卷中传播途径、预防方法、风险知识和基本知识四部分的知晓率分别为66.35%，60.94%，57.96%，和64.05%。多元线性回归分析结果显示，医学专业（t =-12.207，P<0.001），年龄较大（t=2.435，P=0.015），性别为女生（t=4.180，P<0.001），曾进行过拔牙、 补牙、洁牙等牙科治疗（t=2.103，P=0.036）的在校大学生丙肝知识得分相对更高。大学生丙肝知识最愿意接受的宣传途径为互联网宣传。结论 河南省大学生群体对丙肝知识的认知水平有待进一步提升，认知情况与大学生人口学特征和丙肝相关危险行为有关，可根据专业、年龄等进行丙肝知识的宣传和教育。

Cognition and influencing factors of university students with hepatitis C

Objective To investigate college students’ knowledge of hepatitis C and its prevention, and to explore the factors affecting the knowledge rate of hepatitis C. Methods Through multi-stage cluster random sampling, 1429 college students from two comprehensive colleges in Henan Province were selected. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the cognition of college students with hepatitis C. Results The effective recovery rate was 98.55%. Among the 1,429 college students, the overall awareness rate of hepatitis C knowledge was 62.32%, and the awareness rates of the four parts of the questionnaire, including transmission route, prevention method, risk knowledge and basic knowledge, were 66.35%, 60.94%, 57.96%, and 64.05%, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that college students who majored in medicine (t=-12.207, P<0.001), were older (t=2.435, P=0.015), female (t=4.180, P<0.001), and had undergone dental treatment such as tooth extraction, tooth filling, and tooth cleaning (t=2.103, P=0.036) scored higher in knowledge of hepatitis C. At the same time, it was suggested that Internet should be the most acceptable way to publicize college students’ hepatitis C knowledge. Conclusion The cognition level of hepatitis C knowledge needs to be further improved for college students. The cognition is related to the demographic characteristics of college students and the risk behaviors are related to hepatitis C. Therefore, the publicity and education of hepatitis C knowledge can be carried out according to the specialty and age.