云南玉龙县纳西族居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病现状及影响因素分析

目的 分析云南省玉龙县纳西族居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病现状及影响因素，为云南省COPD防控工作提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，对云南省玉龙县2531名≥35岁纳西族居民进行现场问卷调查及体格检查。采用x2检验对不同特征间COPD的患病率、知晓率、治疗率进行比较，采用二分类logistic 回归模型分析影响COPD患病的相关因素。结果 云南省玉龙县纳西族居民COPD的患病率、知晓率和治疗率分别为17.7%、17.4%和16.1%；COPD的患病率、知晓率和治疗率均随着年龄的上升而升高（x2=40.900，x2=10.765，x2=11.459，P＜0.05）；文化程度越高者其COPD的知晓率和治疗率（x2=18.333，x2=17.340，P＜0.001）也越高；人均年收入越高者的COPD知晓率和治疗率（x2=6.460，x2=6.661，P＜0.05）也越高。二分类logistic回归分析结果显示，有COPD家族史者（OR=3.810，95%CI: 1.839~7.893）和吸烟者（OR=1.834，95%CI:1.309~2.571）患COPD的危险性也越大，而肥胖者患COPD的危险性降低(OR=0.583，95%CI:0.390~0.872)。结论 云南省玉龙县纳西族居民COPD的患病率较高，而知晓率和治疗率较低。应加强低文化水平者、低收入者、吸烟者以及有COPD家族史者的COPD健康教育和干预工作。

Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its influencing factors,Na Xi,Yulong, Yunnan

Objective To analyze the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and influencing factors among Na Xi ethnic minority in Yulong County, Yunnan Province, so as to provide reference for COPD prevention and control work in Yunnan Province. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct on-site questionnaire survey and physical examination of 2531 Na Xi ethnic minority aged≥35 years in Yulong County, Yunnan Province. The chi-square test was used to compare prevalence, awareness and treatment rate of COPD among participants with different demographic characteristics. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze possible influencing factors for prevalence of COPD. Results Among the study population, the prevalence, awareness and treatment rate of COPD was 17.7%, 17.4% and 16.1%, respectively. Prevalence, awareness and treatment rate of COPD increased with age (x2=40.900, x2=10.765, x2=11.459, P<0.05). Individuals with higher educational level had higher awareness and treatment rate of COPD than their counterparts (x2=18.333, x2=17.340, P＜0.001). Individuals with higher annual income also had higher awareness and treatment rate of COPD than their counterparts (x2=6.460, x2=6.661, P＜0.05). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with family history of COPD (OR=3.810, 95%CI: 1.839-7.893) and smokers (OR=1.834, 95%CI: 1.309-2.571) had higher risk of developing COPD than their counterparts, whereas obese people had lower risk of developing COPD than their counterparts (OR=0.583, 95%CI: 0.390-0.872). Conclusion The findings indicate a relatively higher prevalence of COPD while a lower awareness and treatment rate of COPD among Na Xi ethnic minority in Yulong County, Yunnan Province. Future COPD health education and interventions should focus on people with low education level and low annual income, smokers and those with family history of COPD.