河南省老年人常见慢性病共病现状分析

目的 了解河南省60岁及以上老年人慢性患共病的现状。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，抽取河南省18个省辖市、10个直管县的60岁及以上老年人，调查老年人慢性病共病情况。结果 本研究调查6094名老年人，慢性病患病率为38.96%，共病患病率为12.64%，排在前3位的慢性病分别是糖尿病（14.1%）、高血压（13.9%）、脑卒中（13.0%）。其中患有2种、≥3种共病的患病率分别为7.54%、5.09%。高血压+糖尿病组合模式的患病人数最多，为23.48%。男性、高龄、城市、独居、无医保的老年人对慢性病共病的患病率均产生影响，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 河南省中老年人群慢性病共病患病率较高，女性应注重高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、抑郁症的慢性病管理，男性应加强对冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、恶性肿瘤、老年性痴呆的预防。共病组合模式中常见的疾病是高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病组合，应加强管理，提高对慢性病共病的防治成效。

Common chronic comorbidity in the elderly,Henan

To investigate the status of chronic comorbidity in the elderly aged 60 years old and over in Henan Province. Methods Using the method of multi － stage random sampling，the elderly aged 60 years old and above were selected from 18 cities under the jurisdiction of Henan Province and 10 counties directly under the administration of Henan Province. Ｒesults In this study，a total of 6094 elderly people were investigated. The prevalence of chronic diseases was 8. 96% ，and the prevalence of comorbidity was 12. 64% . The top three chronic diseases were diabetes ( 14. 1% ) ，hypertension ( 13. 9% ) and stroke ( 13. 0% ) . Among them，the prevalence of 2 and ≥3 comorbidities were 7. 54% and 5. 09% ，respectively. The prevalence of hypertension + diabetes was the highest ( 23. 48% ) . Male，old age，city，living alone and without medical insurance all had an impact on the rate of chronic comorbidity，and the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0. 05) . Conclusion In Henan Province，the prevalence of chronic comorbidity is high among middle － aged and elderly people. Women should pay attention to the management of chronic diseases such as hypertension，diabetes，stroke and depression. Men should strengthen the prevention of coronary heart disease，chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，malignant tumors and senile dementia. Hypertension，diabetes and cerebrovascular diseases are the common diseases in the pattern of comorbidity. We should strengthen the management and improve the prevention and treatment of chronic comorbidity.