南宁市粮油食品中黄曲霉毒素B1的暴露风险评估

目的 对南宁市部分食品中黄曲霉毒素B1暴露的健康风险进行评估。方法 运用秩和检验方法分析2014 - 2017年南宁市590份大米、玉米碾磨制品、黄豆、花生油样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的污染状况，以食物频率法收集南宁市居民4类食物消费量数据，采用暴露限值法（MOE）和低剂量外推法对食品中黄曲霉毒素B1的膳食暴露情况进行分析，并对造成的健康风险进行评估。结果 调查结果显示，花生油、玉米碾磨制品、大米、黄豆中黄曲霉毒素B1的超标率分别为16.77%（52/310）、1.72%（1/58）、0.00%（0/179）、0.00%（0/43）；大米、玉米碾磨制品、黄豆、花生油的黄曲霉毒素B1平均膳食暴露量（ng/kg BW）分别为0.64、1.04、0.07、9.32，引起的肝癌发病风险（例/每年·105）依次是0.023、0.037、0.003、0.331；MOE值由低到高依次是花生油、玉米碾磨制品、大米、黄豆；花生油是4种食品中人群黄曲霉毒素B1膳食暴露贡献率最高的食品,贡献率为84.19%。结论 南宁市市售4种食品引发的肝癌发病风险不大，但是4类食物同时摄入导致的黄曲霉毒素B1总暴露引发的发病风险是不可以接受的。

Exposure risk assessment of aflatoxin B1 in some foods in Nanning

Objective This report aims to assess the health risks of aflatoxin B1 exposure in some foods in Nanning. Methods Kruskal-Wallis was used to analyze the pollution status of aflatoxin B1 in 590 samples of rice, corn milling products,soybeans and peanut oil from 2014 to 2017 in Nanning, four types of food consumption data of residents in Nanning were collected by food frequency method, and the report analyzes the dietary exposure of the aflatoxin B1 in food and assesses the health risks by MOE method and low-dose extrapolation method. Results The results revealed that the exceeding rate of aflatoxin B1 in peanut oil, corn milling products, rice and soybeans was 16.77%(52/310), 1.72%(1/58), 0(0/179) and 0(0/43), respectively; the average dietary exposure(ng/kg BW) of aflatoxin B1 in rice, corn milling products, soybeans and peanut oil was 0.64, 1.04, 0.07, and 9.32, respectively; the risk of liver cancer(cases/year ?105) was 0.023, 0.037, 0.003 and 0.331;the MOE ranged from low to high as peanut oil, corn milling products, rice and soybeans; the peanut oil is the food with the highest dietary exposure rate of aflatoxin B1 among the four kinds of food,and the exposure rate is 80.27%. Conclusion The risk of liver cancer caused by the 4 kinds of food in Nanning is not high, but the risk of total aflatoxin B1 exposure caused by the 4 kinds of food is unacceptable.