妊娠期糖尿病高危因素及预防措施研究进展

目的 综述妊娠期糖尿病的高危因素和预防措施，为妊娠期糖尿病的预防奠定理论基础。方法 以“妊娠期糖尿病高危因素”、“预防措施”作为关键词在CNKI数据库中检索，以“High risk factors of gestational diabetes”、“Prevention measure”作为检索词在Pubmed数据库中检索相关文献。结果 孕前BMI、高龄、糖尿病家族史等是GDM的高危因素；现有的预防措施:风险评估、饮食干预、运动干预、基于网络平台生活方式的干预、药物干预。结论 应尽早的识别高危人群并采取干预措施，对预防GDM的发生具有重要意义。

Research progress on high-risk factors and preventive measures of gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To summarize the high-risk factors and preventive measures of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to lay a theoretical foundation for the prevention of GDM. [WTHZ]Methods [WTBZ]“High-risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus” and “preventive measures” were used as keywords in CNKI database, and “High-risk factors of gestational diabetes” and “Prevention measure” were used as keywords to retrieve relevant literature in PubMed database. [WTHZ]Results [WTBZ]The advanced age of BMI, before pregnancy and the family history of diabetes mellitus were high-risk factors of GDM, and existing preventive measures were risk assessment, diet intervention, exercise intervention and lifestyle intervention that were based on network platform and drug intervention. [WTHZ]Conclusion [WTBZ]It is of great significance to identify the high-risk population and take intervention measures as soon as possible to prevent the occurrence of GDM.