安徽省农村地区4～5岁儿童两周患病率及其相关因素研究

目的 了解安徽省农村地区4～5岁儿童两周患病状况及其相关因素。方法 根据安徽省地理位置东西南北中抽取5个县，然后在每个县根据活产数抽取2～3个乡镇，对抽样乡镇所有4～5岁儿童进行调查。采用χ2检验和非条件logistic回归分析两周患病的影响因素。结果 共纳入4～5岁儿童4 457名，其中男童2 506人（56.2％），女童1 951人（43.8％）。两周患病1 042人，两周患病率为23.4％。多因素logistic回归分析发现:儿童年龄较小（OR = 1.299, 95%CI:1.127～1.497）、家庭居住人数较多（OR = 1.239, 95%CI:1.075～1.429）、看护人类别为母亲（父亲，OR = 0.704, 95%CI:0.572～0.866；祖父母等（OR = 0.668, 95%CI:0.566～0.789）与农村地区4～5岁儿童两周患病呈正性相关。母亲年收入为1～2万（低于1万，OR = 1.236, 95%CI:1.033～1.479；高于2万，OR = 1.226, 95%CI:1.024～1.468）与农村地区4～5岁儿童两周患病呈负性相关。结论 安徽省农村地区4～5岁儿童的两周患病率较高，儿童年龄、家庭居住人数、看护人类别、母亲年收入是影响儿童两周患病的相关因素。

Analysis on the two-week prevalence and its related factors in children aged 4-5 years in rural areas of Anhui Province

Objective To understand the two-week prevalence and its related factors of children aged 4-5 years in rural areas of Anhui Province. Methods According to the geographical location of Anhui Province, five counties were selected in the east, west, south, north and central. Then, in each county, 2-3 townships are selected based on the number of live births. All children 4-5 years old in the sample township were surveyed. The Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors of the two-week prevalence. Results There were 4457 children studied, including 2506 boys(56.2%) and 1951 girls(43.8%). There were 1042 children sick in the last two weeks, and the two-week prevalence was23.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the younger age children(OR=1.299, 95%CI:1.127-1.497), the bigger size of households(OR =1.239, 95% CI:1.075-1.429), and mother as caregiver category(father, OR =0.704, 95% CI:0.572-0.866; grandparents, OR =0.668, 95% CI:0.566-0.789) were positively associated with the two-week prevalence of children 4-5 years old in rural areas. Mother’s annual income between ￥10000 to ￥20000(less than ￥10000, OR =1.236,95% CI:1.033-1.479; more than ￥20000, OR =1.226, 95% CI:1.024-1.468) was negatively associated with the two-week prevalence of children 4-5 years old in rural areas. Conclusion Among the children aged 4-5 years in rural areas of Anhui Province, the two-week prevalence was high. The child’s age, the size of households, caregiver category, and mother’s annual income were the related factors affecting the child’s two-week prevalence.