儿童变应性鼻炎临床表现及影响因素研究

目的了解变应性鼻炎（AR）患儿的临床特征和影响因素,为早发现、早诊断、早治疗和预防儿童AR的发生提供科学依据。方法对2009年1月～2011年12月来本院就诊的106例AR患儿进行问卷调查和专科检查,描述其临床表现和伴发症状;选取同时期就诊的106非AR儿童作为对照,比较两组人群影响因素的差异。结果 AR患儿临床表现以喷嚏（89.62%）、鼻涕（95.28%）、鼻堵（92.45%）和鼻痒（75.47%）为主;眼部伴发症状以眼痒（80.19%）、充血（39.62%）和流泪（39.62%）为主;胸部伴发症状以咳嗽（51.89%）为主。影响因素分析发现,男童、父母鼻炎史、最近1年内装修房屋是儿童AR的危险因素;儿童出生后6个月内母乳喂养是其保护因素。结论儿童AR受遗传和环境因素的综合影响,应通过提倡母乳喂养,净化室内环境等措施预防其发生。

Study on clinical manifestations and influence factors of pediatric allergic rhinitis

Objectives To understand the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of pediatric allergic rhinitis, and for the early detection,early diagnosis,early treatment and prevent the happening of the children AR to provide the scientific basis. Methods 106 AR children who were treated in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2011 were specialized examination,the questionnaire survey to describe the clinical manifestations and concomitant symp- toms.106 non-AR children were investigated as controls,to compare the influence factors,the difference between the two groups influence factors was compared. Results AR patients clinical manifestation to sneeze （89.62%）,nose （95.28%）, nasal plugging （92.45%） and nasal itching （75.47%）;Eye with symptoms with itchy eyes （80.19%）,congestion （39.62%） and tears （39.62%）;The chest was given priority to with cough （51.89%） with symptoms.Influence factor ana- lyzed found that the boy,parents rhinitis history,recent 1 year decorate building was a risk factor for children AR; Breastfeeding within six months after birth was the protection factor. Conclusion AR in children are influenced by ge- netic and environmental factors.By promoting breastfeeding,purify indoor environment such as measures to prevent it happen.