我院过敏性疾病患儿构成比及抗组胺药用药分析

目的：研究深圳地区儿童过敏性疾病的季节性发病趋势和药物应用，促进临床合理用药，并及时指导医院药品储备。方法：应用我院信息系统数据库，统计2007～2009年在门诊就诊的四类典型的儿童过敏性疾病（过敏性鼻炎、哮喘、过敏性结膜炎、湿疹）的月患儿人次及全院抗组胺药年度用药频次，根据月均人数对构成比进行季节性分析，采用用药频次排序法，分析2007—2009年抗组胺药的用药情况。结果：儿童过敏性疾病的患病人数均有明显的季节性波动特征。我院抗组胺药的年总用药频次呈明显上升趋势，其中，以西替利嗪为代表的第二代抗组胺药使用频次2007年住居榜首，三年来构成比分别为37．10％、33．41％和24．17％。第一代抗组胺药酮替芬因价格低廉、疗效确切，其用药频率也始终保持在前3位，且以氯苯那敏为代表的第一代传统抗组胺药在低龄患儿中使用频次相对较高。结论：我院抗组胺药的临床用药基本合理，第二、三代新型抗纽胺药已逐渐占主导地位。

Analysis the Constituent Ratio of Children with Allergic Diseases and Application of Antihistamines in Our Hospital

Objective ： To study seasonal trendency of the incidence of children allergic diseases in Shenzhen area and its clinical application, promoting rational administration of drug and providing effective gnide for pharmaceutical reserve. Method： With the databases in information systems of our hospital from 2007-2009, counted up the monthly outpatients of the four typical children＇ s allergic diseases （allergic rhinitis,asthma,allergic conjunctivitis,eczema） and the annual applying frequency of antihistamine in the whole hos- pital. Based on the average visiting patients per month, seasonal analysis of incidence of the diseases was carried out, and the usage of antihistamine during 2007-2009 was analysed by drug applying frequency sorting method. Result： The prevalence of children allergic diseases have significant seasonal fluctuations in the number of features. A clear upward trend was seen in the annual applying frequency of antihistamine, among which, the second-generation antihistamine such as Cetirizine in 2007 topped the list. the constituent ratios were 37. 10% ,33.41% and 24. 17% respectively in the past three years. The first-generation antihistamine like ketotifen has always remained in the top three due to low price and assured curative effect, and Chlorpheniramine, represented by the traditional first-generation antihistamine use in babies with relatively high frequency. Conclusion： Clinical medication of antihistamines in our hospital was basically reasonable. The new second and third generation antihistamine have gradually dominant.