低出生体重的遗传与环境交互作用研究进展

新生儿低出生体重是影响婴儿死亡和儿童发育的一个重要原因,已经成为儿童疾病负担的主要危险因素之一。低出生体重能导致围生期死亡率和各种疾病发病率增高,并影响将来的生长过程以及神经系统发育,还可导致成年后心血管疾病发生的危险性增加。因而,研究新生儿低出生体重的危险因素,对于预防低出生体重的发生、降低儿童疾病负担和提高我国人口素质有着非常重要的现实意义。本文就引起低出生体重的遗传、环境因素做一综述,以期全面地了解低出生体重的成因,为将来的防治工作提供依据和理论基础。

Research progress on genetic and environmental interaction of low birth weight

Low birth weight is an important reason of newborn infants' death and children development and also one of the risk factors of children disease burden.Low birth weight can cause an increase in prenatal mortality and disease incidence,influence the process of growth and the development of nervous system,and cause an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease when grown up.Accordingly,it is very important to study the risk factors of low birth weight to prevent the occurrence,cut down children's disease burden and elevate the population disposition.This review summarizes the genetic and environmental factors of low birth weight so as to understand the reasons and provide the base and rationale of prevention.