太原地区5852例围产儿出生缺陷临床分析

目的了解近年来出生缺陷儿的发生及其产前诊断情况,为制定和采取预防措施提供决策依据。方法回顾性分析2003年12月至2008年12月在我院产科终止妊娠的5852例围生儿资料,对其中97例出生缺陷围生儿逐一进行分类和统计分析。结果出生缺陷发生率为165.76/万,各系统缺陷中以神经管畸形发生率(27.34/万)最高,农村(102.14/万)显著高于城市(10.47/万)(P0.05),其它依次为脑积水、外耳畸形、唇腭裂、多(并)指(趾)、脐膨出;农村脑积水的发生率显著高于城市(P0.05);无论在城市还是农村神经管畸形、脑积水、脐膨出多数得到产前诊断,唇腭裂少数得到产前诊断;多(并)指(趾)、外耳畸形无1例得到产前诊断。结论加强围产保健,提高产前诊断水平是预防出生缺陷围生儿的重要手段,控制神经管畸形的发生是降低出生缺陷围生儿发生率的重要环节。

The Clinic analysis of 5852 perinatal fetus with birth defect.

Objective： To understand the incidence of birth defect in infants and the situation of prenatal diagnosis in recent years and find the effective measures.Methods： To retrospectively analyze the information of 5852 perinatal infants（the terminations of pregnancy were conducted in our hospital obstetrics from December 2003 to December 2008）;and in which 97 cases of birth defect in perinatal infants were classified and analyzed statistically.Results： The incidence of birth defect was 165.76/10000;in which the highest was neural tube defects（27.34/10000） and the others were followed by hydrocephalus,deformity of external ear,cleft lip palate,polydactyly or syndactyly and pcromphalus.The incidence of neural tube defects and hydrocephalus in countryside was obviously higher than which in city（P0.05）.The prenatal diagnosis of the most of neural tube defects,hydrocephalus and pcromphalus,a few of cleft lip palate,none of polydactyly or syndactyly and deformity of external ear were obtained in either urban or rural areas.Conclusion： The key to preventing the incidence of birth defect is to strengthen perinatal health care and improve the level of prenatal diagnosis,and it is important to control the incidence of neural tube defects for reducing the incidence of birth defect.