学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态调查

目的调查分析学龄前儿童视力及其屈光状态,为防治屈光不正提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法抽取3~6岁学龄前儿童2 650名进行调查,应用儿童图形视力表和标准对数视力表检查视力,采用美国伟伦公司Suresight手持自动验光仪进行屈光检查。结果男、女童弱视检出率分别为85.3%和86.2%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.51,P>0.05),且均随年龄增长而下降(P<0.05)。屈光状态类型以混合散光、单纯远视和复性远视散光为主,分别占66.7%、18.6%、12.9%。随着年龄增加,混合散光人数逐渐减少,而单纯远视人数逐渐增加。结论学龄前儿童视力及屈光是儿童眼保健的重要指标,了解各年龄视力及屈光状况很有必要,可以发现存在的问题,以便采取综合干预措施减少弱视的发生。

Investigation on visual acuity and refraction of 2650 preschool children

Objective To investigate the current situation of visual acuity and refraction of preschool children,so as to provide the information for the prevention and treatment of ametropia.Methods A total of 650 preschool children aged 3-6 years in different functional urban areas of Lanzhou City were sampled randomly and investigated.The children aged 4-6 years were examined by the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart,and the children aged 3 years were examined by symbols chart.The refrangibility was detected by using the Suresight handheld refractometer. Results The prevalence rates of subnormal vision acuity of boys and girls were 85.3% and 86.2% respectively,and there was no significant difference.The subnormal rates decreased gradually as the age increasing.The refractive status types included mixed astigmatism(66.7%),simple hyperopia(18.6%),and compound hyperopic astigmatism(12.9%) primarily.The mixed astigmatism rate decreased and the simple hyperopic rate increased gradually as the age increasing.Conclusions Visual acuity and refraction are very important in children’s eye care.It is necessary to check the visual acuity and refraction of the pre-children,so as to find latent problems,prospect the developmental trend,and offer the evidences for early intervention.