2009年深圳市劳务工乙型脑炎抗体水平调查分析

目的 了解劳务工乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)抗体水平现状,为乙脑防治决策提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段数字表法随机抽样,抽取44家工厂1003名年龄≥18岁、<60岁的工人进行个案调查,并采集血清标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙脑抗体.结果 深圳市劳务工乙脑抗体阳性率为20.2%(203/1003),男性21.2%(103/485),女性19.3%(100/518),χ2=579,P>0.05;各年龄组乙脑抗体阳性率:<20岁组22.6%(12/53),20～岁组18.7%(120/642),30～岁组26.0%(58/223),40～59岁组15.3%(13/85),χ2=7.96,P>0.05.有免疫史者抗体阳性率为22.1%(30/136),无免疫史者为22.1%(51/231),免疫史不详者为19.2%(122/636),χ2=501,P>0.05.来源于广东的劳务工乙脑抗体阳性率最高,为30.5%(50/164),其次是广西29.7%(22/74);最低是陕西5.4%(2/37),χ2=49,P<0.05.管理人员乙脑抗体阳性率最高,为29.0%(31/107);专业人员最低,为7.1%(1/14);χ2=21.78,P<0.05.本科及以上抗体阳性率最高,为32.7%(16/49);大专最低,为10.3%(10/97);χ2=13.02,P<0.05.结论 深圳市劳务工乙脑抗体阳性率高低与其年龄、性别、疫苗免疫史无关,与劳务工来源地区、职业岗位、文化程度有关.劳务工乙脑免疫水平较低,免疫屏障尚未形成,提示需要加强劳务工乙脑防治工作.

A survey of Japanese encephalitis antibody migrant workers in Shenzhen 2009

Objective To understand the immunological status of Japanese encephalitis (JE) antibodies amongst migrant workers and to provide epidemiological basis for public health strategies on JE prevention and control in Shenzhen. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used, and 1003 migrant workers aged 18 to 60 from 44 factories were investigated and their serum specimens were collected. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect JE antibodies qualitatively. Results The gross IgG seroprevalence rate for JE was 20. 2% (203/1003). Sex-specified seroprevalence was 21.2% (103/485) for male and 19. 3% (100/518) for female,respectively (χ2 = 579,P >0. 05). Age-specific seropositive rates were 22. 6% (12/53) for those below 20 years old, 18. 7% (120/642) for those between 20 -years old,26. 0% (58/223) for those between 30 -years old and 15. 3% (13/85)for those on or above 40 years old (χ2 =7.96,P>0.05). Proportions for self-reported positive immunization,non-immunization and unclear immunization history were 22. 1% (30/136) ,22. 1% (51/231)and 19. 2% (122/636), respectively (χ2 = 501, P > 0. 05). Seroprevalence by region of origins showed that workers from Guangdong province was the highest (30. 5%, 50/164), followed by workers from Guangxi (29.7%,22/74) whilst workers from Shan(3) xi (5.4% ,2/37) had the lowest rate. Seroprevalence rate for managers (29.0% ,31/107) was higher than that of technicians (7. 1% ,1/14) (χ2 =21.78,P<0.05).Serological positive rate of workers with university or above educational background was the highest (32. 7 %, 16/49), followed by that for individuals with college degree (10. 3 %, 10/97) (χ2 = 13.02, P <0. 05). Conclusion No associations are detected between JE seroprevalence and age, or sex, or self-reported immunization histories amongst migrant labor workers in Shenzhen. However, correlations between JE serological positive rate and region of origins,occupation and educational attainment are found to be significant. The gross seroprevalence of JE antibodies suggests that the level of JE antibodies amongst Shenzhen migrant workers is low and the population immunity barrier has yet to be established. It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control strategies of JE among labor workers of Shenzhen.