恶性肿瘤患者化疗前后血型抗原和抗体分析

目的　了解恶性肿瘤患者化疗对红细胞血型抗原和抗体的变化。方法　检测 1 0 4例患者化疗前后ABO血型抗原效价、抗 A、抗 B抗体效价 ,A型和O型患者化疗前后抗原抗体效价与积分做了比较 ;抗原检测法 ,将标准血清做倍比稀释加患者的红细胞 ,离心肉眼观察 ,不凝集的前 1管为抗原效价 ,同时以健康人的红细胞做对照 ;抗体检测方法 ,将A型者的血清做倍比稀释后加对应的红细胞 ,观察结果同抗原方法。结果　O型抗 A、抗 B效价与积分无差异 ,A型血型抗原化疗前后有显著性差异 ,化疗后明显低于化疗前 ,P <0 .0 5。O型、A型、B型男女患者抗原抗体效价与积分进行比较 ,O型与B型男女抗原抗体、效价与积分无差异 ;A型男女抗 B抗体效价与积分有显著性差异 ,女性明显高于男性。结论　提示在给肿瘤患者 ,特别是A型患者配血、鉴定血型时遇有正反不符、前后不符时要考虑是A抗原减弱 ,在给这些患者配血时 ,最好输注O型红细胞 ,已防输错血 ,防止发生意外。

Investigation of the blood group antigen and antibody before and after the chemotherapy of patients with malignant tumors

Objective To explore the changes of the antigens and antibodies of red blood cell (RBC) blood group in patients with malignant tumors who received chemotherapy.Methods The titers of the ABO blood group antigen,anti A and anti B antibodies in 104 cases of patients were determined before and after the chemotherapy.The titers and scores of the antigen and antibody in patients with A and O blood groups were compared before and after the chemotherapy.Antigen detecting method:control serum was diluted by multiple proportion with the RBCs from the patients and was centrifuged before gross inspection for the detection of antigens.The tube before the non coagulated ones was set to be the antigen titer.The RBCs from healthy volunteers were employed as the control.The typed serum was diluted by multiple proportion and added with corresponding RBCs,so as for us to determine antibodies in reference to that of antigens.Results There was no difference of the anti A and anti B titers and scores in group O blood.But there was evident difference of the titers and scores before and after chemotherapy in patients with group A blood,in which the titers and scores after chemotherapy were obviously lower than those before it ( P <0.05).The titers and scores of the antigens and antibodies in male and female patients with group O and B bloods exhibited no difference.Nevertheless,the anti B titer and score in female were much higher than those in male patients.Conclusion When we make cross match for the blood transfusion for patients with tumors,the unconformity indicates the decrease of group A antigen.Group O blood might be the best choice for these patients.