胚胎干细胞体外分化为心肌细胞诱导因素的探讨

目的:用胚胎干细胞(ESC)体外诱导分化为心肌细胞,从分子水平上研究早期心脏发育相关基因及其功能。方法:(1)胚胎干细胞的培养。(2)胚胎干细胞的分化培养。(3)被分化的心肌细胞鉴定:RNA的提取;心脏特异性引物的合成和RT-PCR反应;探针标记、纯化和比放射活性测定;RNA斑点杂交。结果:用最适条件培养液对ESC定向诱导分化,可使80%以上的ESC分化为心肌细胞。心肌细胞以同步的方式进行收缩。反转录PCR和斑点杂交的结果显示:心肌在早期发育就开始表达其特异性基因。结论:胚胎干细胞体外能诱导分化为心肌细胞。胎牛血清、二甲基亚砜和维甲酸的浓度及它们之间的组成不同,对ES细胞定向诱导为心肌细胞均有影响。最佳诱导条件是用2 nmol/L维甲酸、0.6%二甲基亚砜和20%胎牛血清组成的条件培养液。

A study of inductive factors of embryonic stem cells differentiating into cardiac myocytes in vitro

AIM: To study cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiac development associated genes expression and its function during early stage cardiomyogenesis. METHODS: (1) Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) line D3 culture.(2) Inductive culture of ESC differentiated into cardiac myocytes in vitro. (3) Identification of ESC-derived cardiac myocytes: RNA isolation; synthesis of specific primer and RT-PCR; Label of RT-PCR products with dATP as probes, purifyed by sephadex G-50 columns, determined the yield of DNA. RNA dot hybridization. RESULTS: 80% of ESC differentiated into cardiomyocytes by improved conditional medium. Cardiomyocytes contracted in a synchronous manner. The results of RT-PCR and RNA blot showed that cardiac genes were expressed abundantly and specifically during the early cardiomyogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: ESC were able to be differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Different concentrations and components of RA, DMSO and FCS affected ESC cardiomyogenesis in vitro. The optimal result obtained was from the conditional medium, a mixturce of 2 nmol/L retinoic acid (RA), 0.6% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 20% fetal calf serum (FCS).