上海市长宁区社区人群原发性高血压患病现况及危险因素的调查

目的 通过对上海市长宁区社区人群的抽样调查,了解其高血压的患病率、知晓率和治疗率,并分析与高血压相关联的主要危险因素.方法：采取整群抽样的方法,随机抽取四个社区,对其中35～91岁且排除继发性高血压的自然人群19 519人 （男性8 673人,女性10 846人） 进行调查分析.结果 （1） 高血压的患病率、知晓率和治疗率分别为39.88%、84.74%和47.93%,三率均为65-91岁组高于35-64岁组（39.88%和22.27%,87.40%和78.74%,49.88%和43.53%,P〈0.05）;（2） 对高血压影响因素进行多因素 Logistic 回归分析,结果显示高血压与年龄、性别 （男性）、体质指数、家庭收入、摄盐量、父母高血压史及本人高脂血症史相关（P值均小于0.001）,年龄、性别、体质指数、父母高血压史、本人高脂血症史的OR值分别为1.064 （1.060-1.068）、1.098 （1.053～1.145）、1.134 （1.121-1.147）、1.831 （1.722～1.947）、1.507 （1.329-1.708）;以家庭年收入5万以下组为参照,5-10万和10万以上组 OR 值分别为 2.349 （1.559-3.540）和 2.462 （1.620-3.742）;以摄盐量 6-12g/d 组为参照,〈6g/d组和〉 12 g/d 组 OR 值分别为0.888 （0.832-0.947）和1.117 （1.016～1.227）.结论上海市长宁区社区人群≥65岁者高血压的患病率较高,而中青年高血压的知晓率和治疗率较低,特别是男性.年龄、男性、体质指数高、嗜盐、家庭收入高、高血压家族史及本人高脂血症史是高血压患病的主要危险因素.

Prevalence and risk Factors of primary hypertension in community in changning district,Shanghai

Objective To investigate prevalence and risk factors of primary hypertension in a community population in Changning District of Shanghai. Methods Participants from four communities of Changning district were surveyed by ran- domly cluster sampling. The data of 19519 persons （male 8673, female 10846） aged from 35 to 91 years were obtained and analyzed. Results （1） The rates of prevalence, awareness and treatment were 39.88%, 84.74% and 47.93% which were higher in people aged from 65 to 91 years than in aged from 35 to 64 （39.88% vs. 22.27%, 87.40% vs. 78.74% and49.88%vs. 43.53%, P〈0.05）. （2） Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, BMI, domestic income, salt intake, hypertensive family history and history of hyperlipidemia were significantly related to hypertension （P〈0.001）. The odds ratios （95%CI） of age, gender, BMI, hypertensive family history and history ofhyperlipidemia were l.064 （1.060-1.068）, 1.098 （1.053-1.145）, 1.134 （1.121-1.147）, 1.831 （1.722-1.947） and l.507 （1.329-1.708）, respectively. Compared with the group of 50000 yuan domestic income, the odds ratios （95%CI） of group 50000 to 100000 and group over 100000 were 2.349 （1.559-3.540） and 2.462 （1.620-3.742）. Compared with the group of 6 g/ day to 12 g/day salt intake, the odds ratios （95%CI） of group under 6 g/day and goup over 12 g/day were 0.888 （0.832-0.947） and 1.117 （1.016-1.227）. Conclusions The prevalence rate of hypertension is high in the population aged ~〉 65 years in Changning district of Shanghai. And the rates of awareness and treatment are low in the population under age 65, especially in male. The main risk factors of hypertension include age, gender （male）, BMI （higher）, domestic income （higher）, salt intake （ 〉 6 g/day）, hypertensive family history and history of hyperlipidemia.