2005-2010年重庆市血吸虫病监测结果分析

目的 掌握三峡库区血吸虫病潜在流行因素的动态变化,为本市血吸虫病预防控制策略提供科学依据.方法 按照全国血吸虫病监测方案要求设立国家级监测点,采用流行病学调查方法和间接血凝试验(IHA)调查万州区当地居民和流动人口的血吸虫感染状况.采用环境抽样方法进行螺情调查和监测血吸虫病其他相关因素.结果 2005和2010年,2次调查当地人群血清阳性率均在0.61％左右；调查流动人口1 530人,阳性率为1.63％,其中疫区返乡和疫区来渝人员的血清阳性率分别为1.95％与1.08％,差异无统计学意义；监测点查螺总面积为604 051 m2,尚未发现钉螺；监测点未发现从血吸虫病流行区引进的家畜,检测当地868头牲畜,血清阳性率为零.结论 重庆市血吸虫病存在传播的危险因素,应加强本市血吸虫病传染源的监测和管理,防止钉螺输入.

Surveillance of schistosomiasis in Chongqing city from 2005 to 2010

Objective To understand the factors for the potential prevalence of schistosomiasis so as to provide scientific evidences for schistosomiasis control in Chongqing city. Methods According to the national schistosomiasis surveillance was carried out from 2005 to 2010. The local residents and the mobile populations were investigated by the questionnaire and their serum samples were examined by the indirect haemagglutination test(IHA).The Oncomelania snails and correlation were also investigated. Results National schistosomiasis surveillance site was established in Wanzhou county. The local residents were screened by ELISA and the positive rate were 0.61% in 2005 and 0.60% in 2010. 1 530 mobile populations were investigated,including 973 people returned from schistosomiasis endemic areas and 557 people came from endemic areas. The positive rate of antibody detection was 1.63%. The positive rate (1.95%) of people returned from endemic areas was not significantly different from those(1.08%) came from endemic areas. No snail was found at the surveillance sites of 604 051 m2..There was no livestock imported from schistosomisis endemic areas and none tested positive of local livestock. Conclusions There were the potential risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission in Chongqing city..The surveillance and control of sources of imported infected cases and prevent Oncomelania snails from spreading into the potential endemic areas in Chongqing city should be strengthened.