重症监护病房真菌感染的检出率和耐药性趋势

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)真菌感染的种类及其耐药特点,为合理选用抗真菌药物提供病原学依据。方法2003年7月~2004年7月入住我院ICU患者86例,分析不同部位真菌培养和药敏试验标本共354份。结果共检出159株菌株,其中白色假丝酵母菌占72.33%。常见感染部位依次为下呼吸道(69.18%)和泌尿道(26.42%)。分离的菌株对5-氟脲嘧啶、两性霉素B和伊曲康唑的耐药性均<10%,而对氟康唑耐药率则较高。结论白色假丝酵母菌是ICU院内获得性真菌感染的主要病原。5-氟脲嘧啶、伊曲康唑和两性霉素B对假丝酵母菌耐药性较低,而氟康唑的耐药性较高。

Prevalence and Resistance Characteristics of Fungal Infection in Intensive Care Unit

Objective To investigate the kinds of fungi causing hospital infection and their drug resistance characteristics to anti-fungus drugs, in order to provide guidelines of suitable anti-fungus medication for clinical infectious diseases. Methods Results of 354 samples, which were tested for category and susceptibility to common antifungal agents, were collected and analyzed. The samples were from different positions of the 86 patients admitted to the intensive care unit between July 2003 and July 2004. Results The incidence of Candida albicans infection was the highest (72.33%). Fungal infection occurred more frequently in the respiratory tract(60.00%), then in the urinary tract (26.67%). The separated fungi had a lower degree of resistance to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B and itraconazole (<10%) and a higher resistance to fluconazole. Conclusion The pathogens causing fungus infection in our hospital were mainly Candida albicans. The resistance characteristics to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B and itraconazole were relatively weak, but to fluconazole was strong.