SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titers 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Japan |
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Authors: | Kanai Daisuke Wakui Hiromichi Haze Tatsuya Azushima Kengo Kinguchi Sho Tsukamoto Shunichiro Kanaoka Tomohiko Urate Shingo Toya Yoshiyuki Hirawa Nobuhito Kato Hideaki Watanabe Fumimasa Hanaoka Kanako Hanaoka Masaaki Mitsuhashi Hiroshi Yamaguchi Satoshi Ohnishi Toshimasa Tamura Kouichi |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan ;2.Center for Nobel and Exploratory Clinical Trials (Y-NEXT), Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ;3.Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ;4.Infection Prevention and Control Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ;5.Kohsaikai Kamioooka Jinsei Clinic, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ;6.Kohsaikai Yokohama Jinsei Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan ; |
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Abstract: | Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is shown to prevent severe illness and death in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but the immune response to vaccines is reduced in this population. This study compared SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titers between HD patients and healthy controls in Japan for up to 6 months following vaccination. MethodsA multi-institutional retrospective study at five clinics in Japan was conducted using 412 HD patients and 156 healthy controls who received two doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 IgG antibody titers were measured at 1, 3, and 6 months after the second dose. The attenuation speed was calculated as slope (i.e., –β) using a linear mixed-effects model toward the log-transformed antibody titers. ResultsThe HD group had significantly lower month 1 antibody titers (Ab-titer-1) than the controls, and these remained lower through month 6 (95% CI: 2617.1 (1296.7, 5240.8) vs. 7285.4 (4403.9, 11,000.0) AU/mL at Ab-titer-1, and 353.4 (178.4, 656.3) vs. 812.0 (498.3, 1342.7) AU/mL at Ab-titer-6 (p?<?0.001, respectively)). Lower log Ab-titer-1 levels in the HD group were significantly associated with a lower log Ab-titer–6 (0.90 0.83, 0.97], p?<?0.001). The –β values in the HD patients and healthy controls were –4.7?±?1.1 and –4.7?±?1.4 (year?1), respectively. ConclusionSARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titers were significantly lower in HD patients than in healthy controls at 1 (peak) and 6 months after the second vaccination. Low peak antibody titers contributed to low 6-month antibody titers. |
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