Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Mass,Muscle Strength,and Physical Performance in Acutely Hospitalized Older Adults |
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| Authors: | Jesse J Aarden Esmee M Reijnierse Marike van der Schaaf Martin van der Esch Lucienne A Reichardt Rosanne van Seben Jos A Bosch Jos WR Twisk Andrea B Maier Raoul HH Engelbert Bianca M Buurman |
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| Institution: | 1. Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rehabilitation, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. European School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;5. Reade, Center for Rehabilitation and Rheumatology/Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;6. Amsterdam UMC, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;7. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;8. Amsterdam UMC, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;9. Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesAcute hospitalization may lead to a decrease in muscle measures, but limited studies are reporting on the changes after discharge. The aim of this study was to determine longitudinal changes in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in acutely hospitalized older adults from admission up to 3 months post-discharge.DesignA prospective observational cohort study was conducted.Setting and ParticipantsThis study included 401 participants aged ≥70 years who were acutely hospitalized in 6 hospitals. All variables were assessed at hospital admission, discharge, and 1 and 3 months post-discharge.MethodsMuscle mass in kilograms was assessed by multifrequency Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis (MF-BIA) (Bodystat; Quadscan 4000) and muscle strength by handgrip strength (JAMAR). Chair stand and gait speed test were assessed as part of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Norm values were based on the consensus statement of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.ResultsA total of 343 acute hospitalized older adults were included in the analyses with a mean (SD) age of 79.3 (6.6) years, 49.3% were women. From admission up to 3 months post-discharge, muscle mass (?0.1 kg/m2; P = .03) decreased significantly and muscle strength (?0.5 kg; P = .08) decreased nonsignificantly. The chair stand (+0.7 points; P < .001) and gait speed test (+0.9 points; P < .001) improved significantly up to 3 months post-discharge. At 3 months post-discharge, 80%, 18%, and 43% of the older adults scored below the cutoff points for muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, respectively.Conclusions and ImplicationsPhysical performance improved during and after acute hospitalization, although muscle mass decreased, and muscle strength did not change. At 3 months post-discharge, muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance did not reach normative levels on a population level. Further research is needed to examine the role of exercise interventions for improving muscle measures and physical performance after hospitalization. |
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| Keywords: | Body composition muscle strength physical performance sarcopenia hospitalization aged |
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