自身免疫性内耳病动物模型的建立

目的建立一种自身免疫性内耳病的动物模型，其具有可重复性高，适于进行深入免疫学分析的特点。方法提取豚鼠内耳膜迷路组织为抗原，与等量完全弗氏佐剂，百日咳杆菌一次免疫C57BL／6小鼠。检测反应阈、血清免疫学、内耳形态学及免疫组织化学的改变。结果免疫后小鼠听性脑干反应阈显著提高，内耳中出现显著的炎性细胞浸润、内淋巴积水和螺旋神经节细胞变性、数量减少等形态学改变，血清中可检测到抗内耳自身抗体，鼓阶内浸润细胞中的淋巴细胞主要为CD4^ T细胞。结论应用这种方法在C57BL／6小鼠可成功建立自身免疫性内耳病的动物模型。

An improved animal model of autoimmune inner ear disease]

OBJECTIVE: To establish an experimental autoimmune inner ear disease model, which could exhibit high reproducibility and be adopted for detailed immunological analysis. METHODS: Extraction of guinea pig inner ear antigens (IEAg). The inbred mice were given a single subcutaneous injection of diluted solution of pertussis and an emulsion containing equal parts of CFA and IEAg. The ABR threshold shifts were evaluated. The antibody level to IEAg in serum was detected by ELISA. Inner ear specimen were examined by light microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The infiltrated cells within cochlea were clarified with immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS: The ABR thresholds of IEAg-sensitized animals were elevated significantly. Histological changes in cochlea were significant. Inflammatory cell infiltration was clearly observed in the cochlea of the animals following sensitization with IEAg. Degeneration of the spiral ganglion cells, which characterizes a decrease in cell numbers, and formation of endolymphatic hydrops were often seen too. Serum anti-IEAg levels after inoculation were significantly increased in the IEAg sensitised groups. Most of the infiltrated lymphocytes in scala tympani were CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental autoimmune inner ear disease can be induced by a single inoculation of IEAg-CFA emulsion and pertussis in inbred C57BL/6 mice.