多普勒超声对老年高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化的检测和评价

目的探讨多普勒超声对老年高血压患者颈动脉硬化程度的诊断价值。方法采用二维及多普勒超声技术观察105例老年高血压患者和100例正常对照组颈动脉病变及其血流动力学变化，同时检测患者基线血脂、血糖。结果随着高血压分级的逐渐增加以及基线血脂、血糖水平的升高，颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度逐渐增厚且相互比较有显著性意义；随着高血压程度的不断加重，颈动脉斑块的发生率和严重程度也不断增加；血流动力学检测显示老年高血压患者颈总动脉、颈内动脉的收缩期峰值速度、舒张末期速度低于对照组，阻力指数、搏动指数高于对照组。结论彩色超声多普勒可通过检查颈动脉硬化程度，对判断高血压患者有无动脉硬化及两者之间的关系具有重要意义。

Doppler ultrasound for detecting and evaluating the carotid artery atherosclerosis in elderly patients with hypertension

Objective To explore the diagnosis of carotid artery atheroselerosis in elderly patients with hypertension. Methods Doppler and two-dimensional ultrasound was performed in 105 elderly patients with hypertension and 100 healthy elders as control group to detect the atherosclerosis degree and hemodynamic index of carotid artery and serum cholesterol and glucose at baseline. Results With the increased degree of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and serum glucose, carotid artery intima-media thickness（IMT） was gradually enhanced, which was significant difference （P〈 0.01）. With the increased grade of hypertension, the incidence and size of plaque became higher and larger. The peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity in common carotid artery（CCA） and external carotid artery（ECA） on elderly patients of hypertension were lower （P〈0. 05）, whereas resistant index and pulsatility index were higher than that of control group （P~0.01）. Conclusion Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive method to detect the degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis and very important in diagnosing atherosclerosis in hypertension and their relationship.