花粉症的发病特点与大气花粉种属和浓度的关系

目的 调查分析花粉症患者的发病特点以及发病时间与大气花粉浓度的相关关系.方法分析14 426例变应性鼻炎患者皮肤点刺试验结果和患者发病特征,监测每年3至9月北京地区花粉浓度,分析花粉症患者发病时间与花粉播散浓度的相关关系.结果① 14 426例皮肤点刺试验阳性的变应性鼻炎患者中花粉症患者8 127例,平均占55.9%;②花粉症患者患病年龄主要集中在15~18岁以及31~40岁.③ 花粉症患者每年的发病时间与花粉浓度有明显相关.结论 花粉变应原是引起变应性鼻炎的重要变应原;花粉症患者每年的发病时间与花粉浓度显著相关,这样的相关关系为花粉症的发病预报奠定基础.

Relationship of pollinosis onset patterns and atmospheric pollen species and concentration

Objective To investigate the onset patterns of pollinosis, and to analyze the correlation between onset time of pollinosis patients and atmospheric pollen concentration. Methods A total of 14 426 cases that were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis （AR） underwent a skin prick test, pollen allergens and the onset patterns were assessed. Pollen concentration and category in Beijing area were monitored from March to September every year. The correlation between onset patterns of pollinosis patients and atmospheric pollen concentration were analyzed. Results In 14 426 cases of skin prick test positive patients, 8 127 had pollinosis（55.9% ） ; The main age of pollinosis patients were generally 15-18 and 31-40 years of age. The onset time of pollinosis patients showed significant correlation with pollen concentration（r= 0. 787, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Pollens are important allergens of AR; onset time of pollinosis patients was significantly associated with the pollen concentration, these results can make a basis for prediction of pollinosis.