2015—2018年荆州市劳动力人口死亡特征与疾病负担分析

目的分析2015—2018年荆州市劳动力人口死亡情况,为制定保护劳动力人口政策、降低死亡水平提出有效防控措施提供依据。方法收集2015—2018年荆州市劳动力人口死亡数据进行汇总统计,分析不同年份、不同性别、不同年龄、不同地区劳动力人口的死亡水平及死亡原因。结果2015—2018年荆州市劳动力人口死亡占全人群死亡的24.79%,标化死亡率192.17/10万,不同年份死亡率较稳定(χ2=3.39,P=0.34),男性标化死亡率(257.36/10万)显著高于女性(119.57/10万)(χ2=799,P<0.01),标化YLL率(6.75%)高于女性(3.12%)。死亡率、YLL率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,15~岁组的标化死亡率(19.53/10万)、YLL率(0.18%)最低,55~岁组的标化死亡率(709.48/10万)、YLL率(2.22%)最高(χ2趋势=32982,P<0.01)。城市人口标化死亡率(141.87/10万)低于农村人口标化死亡率(208.58/10万)(χ2=233,P<0.01),标化YLL率(4.13%)低于农村人口(5.20%)。全部劳动力人口死因顺位第1位是恶性肿瘤、第2位是伤害,其中,15岁、25岁组死因顺位第1位是伤害,35岁、45岁、55岁组死因顺位第1位是恶性肿瘤。肺癌和肝癌是主要致死恶性肿瘤病种,运输事故、自杀是主要致死伤害类型。结论应重点加强面向农村45岁以上男性劳动力人群的健康教育,实施肿瘤早诊早治和伤害干预项目,将有效提高劳动力人口健康水平。

Analysis of death characteristics and disease burden of the labor force in Jingzhou,2015-2018

Objective To analyze the death characteristics and disease burden of the labor force in Jingzhou City from 2015 to 2018,and to provide a basis for formulating policies to protect the labor force population and propose effective prevention and control measures to reduce the death level and disease burden.Methods The death data of the labor force in Jingzhou City from 2015 to 2018 was collected and statistically analyzed.The death levels,causes of death,and disease burden of the labor force in different years,sexes,ages,and regions were analyzed.Results From 2015 to 2018,the death toll of the labor force accounted for 24.79%of total deaths in Jingzhou City,with a mortality rate of 219.61/100000 and a standardized mortality rate of 192.17/100000.There was no significant difference in the mortality rate in different years(P=0.34).The male and female mortality rates were 297.77/100000 and 139.63/100000,and the standardized mortality rates were 257.36/100000 and 119.57/100000,respectively.The male and female YLL rates were 9.55%and 4.47%,and the standardized YLL rates were 6.75%and 3.12%,respectively.The male mortality and YLL rates were higher than those of the female(P<0.01).The mortality and YLL rate of different age groups increased with age(P<0.01).The mortality rates of urban and rural population were 187.37/100000 and 229.07/100000,respectively,the standardized mortality rates were 141.87/100000 and 208.58/100000,respectively,the YLL rates were 5.90%and 7.37%respectively,and the standardized YLL rates were 4.13%and 5.20%,respectively.The mortality rate and YLL rate of rural population were higher than those of urban population(P<0.01).The first cause of death in the labor force population was malignant tumor,with the mortality and YLL rate being 87.19/100000 and 2.90%,respectively.The second cause was injury,with the mortality and YLL rate of 42.60/100000 and 1.56%,respectively.The leading cause of death was injury in the 15 and 25 years old groups,and malignant tumor in the 35,45 and 55 years old groups.Lung cancer and liver cancer were the main types of lethal cancers.Transportation accidents and suicide were the main types of lethal injuries.Conclusion The disease burden of the rural labor force was heavy.It is important to strengthen health education for the rural labor force,especially male laborers over the age of 45,and to implement early cancer diagnosis and treatment and injury intervention programs to effectively improve the health of the labor population.