北京市航天职工超重肥胖的影响因素及与血脂异常的相关性研究

目的了解北京市航天系统职工的超重及肥胖情况，探讨其影响因素及与血脂异常的相关性，为企业健康管理提供科学的参考依据。方法选取2012年参加航天中心医院健康体检的职工980名，填写个人生活方式问卷，测量身高、体重、血压、血脂等指标，采用单因素及多因素logistic回归方法，分析超重肥胖的影响因素及与血脂异常的相关性。结果共回收有效问卷776份，北京市航天系统职工超重和肥胖的发生率分别为34．4％和10．1％，根据2002年全国及2006年北京地区人群标化，超重率分别是36．9％和36．3％，肥胖率分别是12．3％和11．8％。单因素分析结果显示年龄（OR=2．050、1．666、2．164，95％CI：1．490—2．820、1．048～2．648、1．164～4．020）、性男0（OR=0．296，95％CI：0．211～0．416）、婚姻状况（OR=2．178，95％CI：1．591～2．980）、吸烟（OR=2．571、1．889，95％CI：1．061～6．229、1．341～2．660）和饮酒（OR=1．547、1．796，95％凹：0．570～4．195、1．319～2．447）等是北京市航天职工超重肥胖的影响因素；多因素分析显示年龄增长（OR=1．562、1．775、2．206，95％CI：1．029—2．372、0．943～3．341、0．977—4．978）、已婚（OR=1．591，95％c，：1．045—2．421）是超重肥胖发生的危险因素，女性（OR=0．311，95％CI：0．206～0．469）、不喜食肉类（OR=0．663，95％CI：0．437～1．007）及不常吃油炸食品（OR=0．604，95％CI：0．420～0．870）是超重肥胖的保护因素。超重肥胖与血脂异常的相关性研究显示，与正常体重者相比，超重肥胖者患高胆固醇血症、高三酰甘油血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症等疾病的风险均增高。结论北京市航天职工超重肥胖率较高，患血脂异常的风险高于一般人群，应重点在男性及已婚职工中开展控制体重工作，在职工中培养健康的饮食习惯是预防超重和肥胖发生的重要因素。

Risk factors of overweight or obesity and their relationship with dyslipidemia among aerospace professional staff

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of overweight/obesity and their relationship with dyslipidemia among aerospace professional staff,to provide evidence for more effective health management. Methods Nine hundred eighty aerospace professional staff who took health checkup at our center in 2012 were required to complete a self-report life style questionnaire. Height, body weight and blood lipid profiles of the participants were then measured. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results A total of 776 valid questionnaires were finally received. The prevalence of overweight or obesity of the participants were 34. 4% and 10. 1% ,respectively. Standardized overweight rate was 36. 9% or 36. 3% ,and standardized obesity rate was 12. 3% or 11.8% ,according to Chinese adults＇ level in 2002 or Beijingers＇ figure in 2006. Univariate logistic regression showed that age （ odds ratio （OR） 2. 050,1. 666 and 2. 164; 95% confidence interval （CI） 1. 490 to 2. 820, 1. 048 to 2. 648 and 1. 164 to 4. 020） , gender （ OR = O. 296,95% CI 0. 211 to 0. 416 ）, marital status （ OR = 2. 178,95 % CI 1.591 to 2. 980 ） , cigarette smoking （OR = 2. 571 and 1. 889; 95% CI 1. 061 to 6. 229 and 1. 341 to 2. 660） and alcohol consumption （ OR = i. 547 and 1. 796 ; 95% CI O. 570 to 4. 195 and 1.319 to 2. 447） were risk factors of overweight and obesity. In multivariate logistic regression, age （ OR = 1. 562,1. 775 and 2. 206 ; 95% CI 1. 029 to 2. 372, 0. 943 to 3. 341 and 0. 977 to 4. 978） ,female （ OR =0. 311,95% CIO. 206 to 0. 469） ,marital status （ OR = 1.591,95% CI 1.045 to 2. 421）,meat intake （0R=0.663,95% CI0.437 to 1.007） and fried food （OR =0. 604,95% CI 0.420 to 0. 870） were risk factors of overweight/obesity. The risk of developing hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein hypereholesterolemia, high low- density lipoprotein hypercholestero｜emia and hypercholesterolemia were significantly increased in overweight/ obese adults. Conclusion Higher prevalence of overweight/obese may alarm the need for aerospace professional staff to initiate body weight control and risk factor prevention, especially for male and married adults.