北京地区儿童携带卡他莫拉菌耐药现状的研究

目的　研究北京地区儿童卡他莫拉菌的耐药现状。方法　于 2 0 0 2～ 2 0 0 3年对北京地区儿童鼻咽部的 2 2 2株卡他莫拉菌进行 8种抗生素药敏试验和 β内酰胺酶检测 ,并对不同来源的卡他莫拉菌的耐药性及两种不同药敏检测方法进行比较。结果　上呼吸道感染儿童组分离的卡他莫拉菌与健康儿童组相比 ,耐药率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。除头孢呋辛外 ,两种药敏检测方法判定结果的一致率均达 90 %以上。结论　北京地区儿童携带的卡他莫拉菌 β内酰胺酶阳性率很高 ,对氨苄西林、二代头孢菌素呈高度耐药 ,对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药率高于以往报道。目前建议采用英国抗微生物化疗学会的纸片扩散法和琼脂稀释法对该耐药性进行综合性分析

Resistance pattern of Moraxella Catarrhalis in children in Beijing

Objective To investigate antibiotic resistance of Moraxella catarrhalis(M Catarrhalis) in children in Beijing.Methods The 222 strains of M.Catarrhalis were obtained from children with upper respiratory infections in outpatients of Beijing Children's Hospital and healthy children in kindergartens.Comparisons on antibiotic resistance determined by each method were made for strains from different sources.Results There was no difference in the percentage of resistance between strains from children with upper respiratory infections and strains from healthy children.Except cefuroxime,the coincidence rates of the results for two methods were above 90%.Conclusion The beta lactamase positive rate of M.Catarrhalis from children in Beijing is quite high.The percentage of resistance to ampicillin and the second generation cephalosporins is very high .Resistance to macrolides is more serious than previeous reports.In order to confine the dissemination of the resistant strains,BSAC disk diffusion test and agar dilution test can be used to determine the antibiotic resistance of M.Catarrhalis.