呼吸重症监护病房中G＋球菌分离率及耐药调查

目的：分析及探讨近年来呼吸重症监护病房（RICU）收治患者的G＋球菌的分离率及耐药情况。方法：选择近3年我院RICU收治的有完整细菌学资料的患者进行统计分析，结果：革兰阳性球菌的分离率1996年为18．75％，1997年为28．21％，1998年则道至48．75％，3年之间相比均有非常显著的差异。主要为表皮葡萄球菌，金黄色葡萄球菌及肠球菌等；除对万古霉素保持敏感外，对其他的抗生素均有很高的耐药率，结论。合理使用用严格限定抗生素的应用指征对延缓细菌耐药性的产生以及个别多重耐药菌的传播与流行至关重要。

Investigation of IsolatedRate and Drug Resistance of Gram-positive Cocci in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit

OBJECTIVE To study isolated rate and antimicrobial resistance ofgram-positive cocci in the respiratory intensive care unit(RICU) in recent years.METHODS The bacteriological data of the patient admitted in RICU in the recent three years were selected and analyzed.RESULTS The isolated rate of gram-positive cocci was increasing surprisingly,and was 18.75% in 1996,28.21% in 1997 and 48.75% in 1998.There was a significant difference between each year.The isolated gram-positive cocci were mainly the Staphylococcus epidermidis,S.aureus and enterococci etc.The antimicrobial resistance of these cocci was very serious.And the isolated cocci had very high drug-resistance rate for the all antibiotics except for vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS There was misuse and overuse in the antibiotics for gram-negative bacilli,especially for the 3rd generation cephalosporins and quinolones,thus the gram-positive cocci of the high antimicrobial resistance were selected.Then it was difficult for the further antimicrobial treatment,even no antibiotics could be selected sometimes and induced high mortality of the patients.It is very important to use antibiotics and control the indication of selecting antibiotics for slowing the production of antimicrobial resistance of the bacteria and the spread of some multidrug-resistant organisms.