噪声对人心理旋转能力的影响

为探讨低频中等强度噪声对人的心理旋转作业绩效的影响，２４名健康青年男性在８５、９５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声下，进行了心理旋转和判别方向作业任务测试。结果显示：在８５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声条件下暴露１２０ｍｉｎ期间，与对照组比较，心理旋转的平均反应时显著延长（Ｐ＜０．０５），反应时绩效和综合绩效显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；暴露１２０ｍｉｎ时的反应时绩效和综合绩效均显著高于暴露３０ｍｉｎ时的作业绩效（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在９５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声条件下暴露１２０ｍｉｎ期间，与对照组比较，判别方向的平均反应时显著延长（Ｐ＜０．０１），反应时绩效和综合绩效显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；暴露１２０ｍｉｎ时的反应时绩效显著高于暴露３０ｍｉｎ时的作业绩效（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本实验８５、９５ｄＢ（Ａ）两种强度噪声条件下暴露２ｈ，对心理旋转作业任务的绩效有一定的影响，表明在卫生学标准容许范围的中等强度噪声对较为复杂或脑力负荷较大的作业任务的工效会有一定的影响。

Effect of Noise on Human Mental Rotation Performance.

To investigate the effect of moderate level low frequency noise on human mental rotation performance, letter rotation and compass orientation tests were performed in 24 healthy young male subjects during 2 h exposure to 85-95dB (A), it was found that during 120 min exposure to noise of 85dB (A), the mean reaction time increased (P<0.05), performance of reaction time and total performance decreased (P<0.01) significantly as compared with control in letter rotation test, meanwhile, performance of reaction time and total performance at 120 min exposure were significantly higher than that at 30 min (P<0.05). During 120 min exposure to noise of 95dB (A), the mean reaction time increased (P<0.01), the performance of reaction time and total performance decreased (P<0.01) significantly as compared with control in compass orientation test, meanwhile, performance of reaction time at 120 min were significantly higher than that at 30 min(P<0.05). The results show that exposures to 85 dB(A) and 95 dB(A) noise for 2 h have certain effect on the performance of human mental rotation and may affect performance of complex tasks with a higher workload.