中国北方汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族DYS19基因座的遗传多态性

目的；研究DYS19基因座在中国北方汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族群体中的遗传多态性及其法医学应用。方法：应用聚合酶链反应后变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离扩增产物结合银染显带的方法，对101例北方汉族、56例维吾尔族、30例哈萨克族无关男性个体的DYS19基因座进行检测。结果：DYS19基因座在3个群体中共检出5种等位基因，基因频率分布范围分别为0．069－0．594，0．071－0．500，0．100－0．667；个人识别机率分别为0．600，0．675，0．491。χ^2检验表明等位基因分布具有明显的人群差异。家系调查符合单体父系遗传方式。结论：DYS19基因座个人识别机率高，属较高鉴别能力的遗传标记系统，且具有明显的人群分布差异，在法医学及人类遗传学研究中具有重要的应用价值。

Genetic Polymorphisms of DYS19 Locus in North Han, Uygur, Kazakstan Populations

Objective: Genetic polymorphism of DYS19 locus in north Han ,Uygur, and Kazakstan populations and its forensic application were studied in our research. Methods: Population genetic studies were carried out for DYS19 locus in three population samples of 101 unrelated men of North Han,56 unrelated men of Uygur ,30 unrelated men of Kazakstan by using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Electrophoresis of the PCR products was carried out in sequencing gel and followed by silver staining. Results: Five alleles were observed for DYS19 locus in three population samples with the range of allele frequencis from 0.069 to 0.594,from 0.071 to 0.500,from 0.100 to 0.667, respectively. The matching probability (Pm) of DYS19 locus in three population samples were 0.600,0.675,0.491 respectively. It showed significant difference of DYS19 alleles distributions among populations.The results of family study showed that the inheritance of DYS19 locus comformed to the haploid paternity inheritance law. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that DYS19 locus is a good genetic marker with high determination power and can be applied to individuals identification of forensic science.