2个村实施的2种血吸虫病防治策略成本-效果3年对比研究

目的：对单纯人畜扩大化疗（策略1）与人畜扩大化疗辅以易感地带灭螺（策略2）这2种防治策略控制湖沼型垸内亚型血吸虫病的流行进行3年的成本－效果对比研究，以期找出经济、有效的防治对策。方法：计算策略1与策略2的防治成本与效果。结果：3年累计成本－效果比为：策略2是策略1的2．13倍。策略1的人群感染率下降40％，仍维持在11％－12％之间，无抗洪涝能力。策略2的人群感染率持续下降。在3年中，策略2使人群感染率下降了89．2％，使耕牛感染率下降了73．8％，使有螺面积下降了93．7％，使活螺密度感染率下降了99．7％。结论：策略1成本虽低，但效果不理想。策略2能达到基本控制的目的，其防治成本有逐年下降趋势。

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO APPROACHES OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL DURING THREE YEARS IN TWO VILLAGES IN HUBEI

Objective To find an approach which would be both economic and effective for schistosomiasis control via the comparative study on cost effectiveness of two approaches during three years in lake area. The two approaches were the only expanded chemotherapy in residents and cattle (strategy 1) and the expanded chemotherapy plus focus mollusciciding with niclosamide (strategy 2). Methods The cost and effectiveness were calculated for the two approaches which were carried out to control schistosomiasis japonica in two study fields. Results The cumulative ratio of cost effectiveness in three years was 2 13 times as high for strategy 1 as for strategy 2 For strategy 1, the prevalence rate of the disease in residents was dropped about 40% totally and it was still remained between 11% and 12%. It was lack of the ability against flooding. For strategy 2, the prevalence rate of the disease in residents was dropped about 89 2% totally. It appeared declining each year. Conclusion In view of cost effectiveness comparison the strategy 1 was more economic than strategy 2 within the short period of 3 years. However, the effectiveness of strategy 1 was not satisfied . Strategy 2 could decrease the prevalence rate of the disease steadily and hence could have the potential to interrupt the transmission of the disease.