正常产后48h母婴出院联合家庭访视的可行性研究

目的:评价经选择的母婴正常产后48 h出院联合家庭访视的可行性。方法:选择在深圳妇幼保健院正常产并接受产后家庭访视的10 172例产妇和9 297例新生儿为研究A组,同期拆线后出院的正常产产妇5 286例和新生儿4 604例为对照A组,比较两组产妇会阴伤口愈合不良发生率和婴儿再入院率。产后42天对1 000例产妇进行有关母乳喂养和产褥期母婴情况的问卷调查,按照是否曾接受产后访视将调查对象分为研究B组和对照B组,比较两组母乳喂养成功率和产褥期抑郁症的发生率。结果:通过产后家庭访视,平均缩短住院时间(1.76±0.44)天,研究A组产妇会阴伤口愈合不良发生率明显低于对照A组(P<0.05);研究A组婴儿再入院率和对照A组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究B组母乳喂养成功率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);研究B组产褥期抑郁症的发生率明显低于对照B组(P<0.05)。结论:对于经过选择的低风险产妇和婴儿,正常产后48 h出院联合家庭访视安全、经济、有效。

Study on the feasibility of mother-infant discharge at 48 hours after vaginal delivery combined with home visit

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of selected mother-infant discharge at 48 hours after vaginal delivery combined with home visit.Methods:A total of 10 172 mothers and 9 297 neonates who were discharged at 48 hours after vaginal delivery and received home visit were selected as study A group,while 5 286 mothers and 4 604 neonates who were discharged at 48 hours after vaginal delivery were selected as control A group,the incidences of poor perineal wound healing among the mothers and the readmission rates of infants in the two groups were compared.At 42 days after delivery,the knowledge about breastfeeding and maternal-infantile conditions during postpartum were investigated by a questionnaire among 1 000 mothers,then the research objects were divided into study B group and control B group according to they receiving home visit or not,the success rates of breastfeeding and the incidences of postpartum depression in the two groups were compared.Results:By home visit,the average hospitalization time was shortened by(1.76±0.44) days.The incidence of poor perineal wound healing in study A group was significantly lower than that in control A group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the readmission rate of infants between study A group and control A group(P>0.05).The success rate of breastfeeding in study B group was significantly higher than that in control B group(P<0.05);the incidence of postpartum depression in study B group was significantly lower than that in control B group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For the selected and low-risk mothers and infants,discharge at 48 hours after vaginal delivery combined with home visit is safe,economic,and effective.