2002年和2008年福建省7岁以下儿童营养状况分析

目的:了解2002年和2008年福建省儿童营养不良、肥胖症、维生素A缺乏和贫血的发病率。方法:采取整群分层抽样法抽取福建省7岁以下儿童,对儿童进行常规体检,测其身高、体重,并检测血清维生素A和血红蛋白的含量。结果:2008年福建省儿童营养状况比2002年有明显提高,低体重患病率从3.7%下降到2.2%,下降幅度为40.5%;维生素A缺乏患病率从6.3%下降到3.2%,下降幅度达49.2%;贫血患病率从24%下降到13.5%,下降幅度达43.8%。肥胖症患病率从4.9%上升到6.4%,上升幅度达30.6%。结论:福建省儿童营养状况有明显改善。低体重、维生素A缺乏、贫血的患病率下降40%～50%,下降幅度大。城市肥胖症儿童明显增多,儿童维生素A缺乏属轻度。营养不良、贫血的发生仍以边、远、穷地区的儿童为主。

Analysis on the nutritional status of children under seven years in Fujian province in 2002 and 2008

Objective:To understand the incidences of malnutrition,obesity,vitamin A deficiency,and anemia among the children in Fujian province in 2002 and 2008. Methods:Cluster stratified sampling method was used to select the children under seven years from Fujian province,then all the children received routine physical examination,the body height and body weight were measured,the serum contents of vitamin A and hemoglobin were detected. Results:Compared in 2002,the nutritional status of children in Fujian province in 2008 was improved significantly,the incidence of low body weight decreased from 3.7% to 2.2%,the range of decrease was 40.5%;the incidence of vitamin A deficiency decreased from 6.3% to 3.2%,the range of decrease was 49.2%;the incidence of anemia decreased from 24% to 13.5%,the range of decrease was 43.8%.The incidence of obesity increased from 4.9% to 6.4%,the range of increase was 30.6%. Conclusion:The nutritional status of the children in Fujian province was improved significantly;the incidences of low body weight,vitamin A deficiency,and anemia decreased by 40%-50%,the ranges of decreases were large;the number of children with obesity in cities increased,the degree of vitamin A deficiency among the children was mild;most of the children with malnutrition anemia lived in remote and poor areas.