医师职业紧张和紧张反应的研究

[目的]评价医师职业紧张和紧张反应强度。[方法]应用职业紧张量表修订版(OSI-R)(1998修订版)对 342名医师(医师组)和362名非卫生部门脑力劳动者(对照组)进行了测试。[结果]医师职业任务得分高于对照组, 差异有非常显著性(P<0．01)。医师的主要紧张源为任务过重、任务不适和责任感。医师仅人际关系紧张反应因子得分显著高于对照组(P<0．01)。医师的职业紧张水平和紧张反应强度随年龄增长而增高,不同年龄段之间差异呈非常显著性(P<0．01);男医师的职业紧张水平和紧张反应显著高于女医师(P<0．01)。[结论]医师职业是个紧张的职业,加强医师业务和医德学习,缓解医患矛盾,减少工作压力可保护和促进他们的健康。

Study of Occupational Stress and Stress Response in Physicians

[ Objective ] This study was conducted to assess occupational stress and stress reaction in physicians. [ Methods ] Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R ) was used for the survey in present study. The sampled 342 physicians ( study group ) and 362 brain workers from non-medical sections ( control group ) in Shenzhen city were investigated. [ Results ] The scores of occupational role questionaire in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01 ). The main occupational stressors were role overload, role insufficiency and responsibility. The stress response of interpersonal relationship in physicians was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). In the study group the level of occupational stress and stress response increased with age, the difference was significant among the age groups (P<0.01 ); the levels of occupational stress and stress response in male physicians were significantly higher than those in females (P<0.01). [ Conclusion ] Physicians work is a stress occupation. To strengthen study of professional knowledge and medical moral in physicians, to relax relation between physicians and patients and to mitigate their work pressure might protect and promote physician' s health.