蒲公英的细胞学研究

<正> 蒲公英(Taraxalcum mongo Iicum H-M)为菊科多年生草本,广布于全国,朝鲜,苏联也有分布。生于田野、路旁。全草入药,具有清热解毒之功效①。在细胞学方面,关于蒲公英的染色体数目,前人有过一些报道②③④。笔者对蒲公英的体细胞染色体进行了计数,并提供蒲公英染色体核型等系统资料,旨在为中药材的分类鉴别及良种选育工作提供有益的细胞学资料。

CYTOLOGICAL STUDY ON TARAXACUM MONGOLICUM H-M (COMPOSITE)

The present paper deals with the cytological study on Taraxaeum mongolicum H-M (composite). The number of somatic chromosomes in seeds'root-tip cell has been found to be 2n=3X=24 2B which is a triploid. However, aneuploid with 2n=20 and 22 within individual plant is of frequence. Aecording to the terminology definded by Levan et al the karyotypeformula is K (2n)=3X=24=3sm 15m 6m (SAT) 2B,that belongs to "2 A" of Stebbins', Karyotype symmetry and is generally regarded as a primitiveone. In the light of the method of kuo et al, the species Chromosome complement based on ralative length is K (2n)=3X=24=6L 6M_2 9M_1 3S 2B. The measurements in microns of the chromosomes, the size of number 1-2 are Large (L), 3-4 are medium Large (M_2) ,the 5-7 are medium small (M_1) and the last one is short (S), the total length of the chromosome is 34. The photomicrograph of the chromosome complement and idiogram of the karyotype are in Fig,2 and Fig,3.the volume of the somatic complement is 74.2~3 (table 2) .