角膜塑形矫治不同年龄段青少年近视的临床观察

目的:观察角膜塑形术(orthokeratology)在控制或减缓不同年龄段青少年近视发展的差异。方法:选用美国欧普康视角膜塑形镜(OK contactlens),对于年龄在7～18岁、屈光度为(等效球镜)-1.00～-5.00DS、散光度≤-1.50DC的212例315眼青少年近视患者进行矫正后,依据年龄平均分为4组,在6,12,24mo后,根据裸眼视力≥1.0和≥0.8的患者结果进行统计分析。结果:配戴角膜塑形镜6mo后,四组患者的裸眼视力均≥1.0,患者在配戴12mo后,I组≥1.0的38.2%,≥0.8的61.8%;Ⅱ组≥1.0的54.0%,≥0.8的46.0%;Ⅲ组≥1.0的62.2%,≥0.8的37.8%;Ⅳ组≥1.0的100%。在24mo后,I组≥1.0的7.3%,≥0.8的8.9%;II组≥1.0的21.6%,≥0.8的15.8%;III组≥1.0的37.8%,≥0.8的16.2%;Ⅳ组≥1.0的62.5%,≥0.8的37.5%。结论:角膜塑形术在控制或减缓青少年近视发展的效果与配戴患者的年龄增加成正比,配戴患者年龄越大,控制或减缓近视的效果越明显,角膜塑形术在控制或减缓青少年近视方面具有起效快,无创性及塑形可逆的优点,是青少年近视的一种可供选择的方法。

Clinical observation of orthokeratology for myopia in teenagers at different age group

AIM:To observe the effect of orthokeratology on controlling or slowing the development of myopia in teenagers at different age group. METHODS:A total of 212 cases(315 eyes) aged from 7 to 18 years old with -1.00--5.00DS and astigmatism ≤-1.50DC were observed. Orthokeratology was used for teenager myopia patients after correction. All cases were averagely divided into four groups according to age. The patients with uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) ≥1.0 and ≥0.8 were analyzed at 6, 12, 24 months. RESULTS:Patients after wearing orthokeratology for 6 months, UCVA was ≥1.0 in all cases. 12 months later, UCVA≥1.0 was 38.2%, ≥0.8 was 61.8% in Ⅰ group; Ⅱ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 54.0%, ≥0.8 in 46.0%; Ⅲ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 62.2%, ≥0.8 in 37.8%; Ⅳ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 100%. 24 months later, Ⅰ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 7.3%, ≥0.8 in 8.9%; Ⅱ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 21.6%, ≥0.8 in 15.8%; Ⅲ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 37.8%, ≥0.8 in 16.2%; Ⅳ group:UCVA≥1.0 in 62.5%, ≥0.8 in 37.5%. CONCLUSION:Orthokeratology have a good therapeutic effect with increasing age on controlling or slowing the development of myopia in teenagers at different age group. It is a selection method with rapid effect, noninvasive and reversible shaping.