上海市中学生吸烟流行现状研究

目的了解上海市中学生吸烟流行情况及其影响因素。方法采取分层随机抽样方法，对全市19个区的57所学校（初中、高中和职业学校各19所）11～20岁的学生进行不记名问卷调查。结果共调查学生9239人，其中初中生3112人（男1565人，女1547人），高中生3097人（男1475人，女1622人），职业学校学生3030人（男1734人，女1296人）。上海中学生总吸烟率为19．5％，其中初中生吸烟率为6．9％，男生10．5％，女生3．2％；高中生吸烟率为16．7％，男生24．7％，女生9．4％；职校生吸烟率为35．2％，男生47．1％，女生23．4％，不同学校类型学生吸烟率有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。尝试吸烟的主要原因为好奇，占49．1％；朋友提供香烟是中学生第一支香烟的主要获得途径，占53．3％。结论目前上海市中学生吸烟率仍在上升，特别是高中生和职校生。普及吸烟危害健康知识，提高抵御第一支香烟能力应是中学控烟干预的重点。

Prevalence of cigarette smoking among students in high schools of Shanghai

Objective To find out the prevalence and impacting factors of student＇ s smoking. Methods A sample survey based on stratified random sampling aged 11 - 20 years old in 57 high schools distributing whole municipal was conducted. An anonymous questionnaire was done among the students. Results 9239 students were investigated, of which 3112 students （male 1565, female 1547） were in junior high schools, 3097 students （male 1475, female 1622） in senior high schools, and 3030 students （male 1734, female 1296） in secondary vocational schools. 19. 5% of surveyed students reported ever trying cigarette smoking. 6. 9% （ male 10. 5%, female 3. 2% ）, 16. 7% （ male 24. 7%, female 9. 4% ）, and 35. 2% （ male 47. 1%, female 23. 4% ） of the student were reported to smoke in junior middle schools, senior middle schools, and secondary vocational schools respectively. The leading reason of trying smoking was curiosity, about 49. 1%. It was an important way of gaining first cigarette that friends provide, about 53.3%. Conclusion The prevalence of cigarette smoking among students in high schools of Shanghai was rising, especially in senior high and secondary vocational schools. The intervention emphases targeting students should be in improving cognition of smoking harm and ability of refusing the first cigarette.