北京市石景山区中学生伤害及相关行为调查

目的了解中学生各类伤害行为的流行现状、伤害相关行为特征,为卫生、教育部门制定影响学生健康危险行为的预防政策、规划和措施提供科学依据。方法对在北京市石景山区3所初中、3所高中共1231名学生进行问卷调查,分析不同性别、初高中学生各类伤害,伤害相关行为报告率及其差异,计数资料采用卡方检验。结果伤害发生率为15.0%,男生15.4%,女生14.7%。伤害类型:依次为扭伤、跌坠伤、骨折、关节脱臼、烧烫伤、硬物击伤、锐器伤、犬咬伤。伤害发生地点依次为,学校其他部位、家中、学校体育场馆、校外体育场馆、公路、街道、车站等交通场所。伤害危险倾向行为方面,不遵守交通规则,去没有安全措施的地方游泳、滑冰等,男生高于女生,有统计学意义。有部分学生经常受到侮辱觉得上学没有安全感。不良情绪方面,因学习压力而心情不愉快报告率22.0%。个别学生感到孤独、伤心绝望并有自杀倾向。结论伤害是影响青少年健康主要因素,是青少年致死、致残的主要原因,中学生伤害及伤害相关行为现状较为严重,应受到社会各界广泛关注。

A survey on injury and its related factors among high school students at Shijingshan district,Beijing

Objective To investigate prevalence of injury and its related behavioral factors in high school students, to provide scientific evidence for the health and education sectors formulating prevention policies and measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1 231 students at three junior high schools and three senior high schools in Shijingshan, Beijing. Difference in reported prevalence of injury in students was analyzed by gender and grades at schools, as well as its related behavioral factors, by chi-square test. Results Overall prevalence of injury was 15.0 percent, a little bit higher in boys （15.4%） than that in girls （14.7%）. Leading kinds of injuries included, in descending rank, sprain, falls, fracture, joint dislocation, burns, strikes by hard objects, sticks by sharp objects and dog bites. Injury mainly occurred, in descending rank, at schools other than gyms, homes, gyms of schools, sports facilities outside schools, on highways, streets, at bus stations and other traffic sites. Behavioral risk factors for injuries included failure to comply with traffic rules, swimming in the places without safety measures, skating, being often insulted at schools and feeling insecure, particularly for girls, inadequate mood caused by studying pressure （22.0%）, lone feelings, despair and suicidal tendencies. Conclusion Injury is a main risk factor for children influencing their health and a leading cause of death and disability in young people. Risk behavioral factors related to injury are common in high schools students and should be concerned by the public.