基于网络药理学的中药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病作用机制研究进展＊

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD）是一种高发病率、高致死率的慢性进行性疾病,对患者的肺功能、生活质量和经济负担产生严重的影响。中医药治疗COPD具有较好的疗效和优势,但作用机制尚未明确,网络药理学作为系统生物学的重要组成部分,通过构建“成分-靶点-通路-疾病”互作网络,从生物网络系统的角度阐释生命体对疾病刺激和药物治疗的反应,其整体性、系统性的理念与中医药“整体观念”、“辨证论治”的特点相一致,与中药“多成分、多靶点、多通路”的协同特征相契合。近年来,网络药理学技术越来越多地被应用于中药治疗COPD药效物质基础与作用机制等方面的研究,揭示了中药在改善炎症反应、氧化应激、蛋白酶/抗蛋白酶失衡、细胞凋亡等方面具有重要意义。但目前的研究仍处于起步阶段,在研究的可靠性、规范性及可验证性等方面存在一些不足。因此,对近年来网络药理学在中药治疗COPD作用机制的研究及其存在的问题进行综述,以期为作用机制的进一步研究提供参考。

Advances on the Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease based on Network Pharmacology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive disease that seriously endangers human health, which has a serious impact on pulmonary function, quality of life and economic burden of patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has better efficacy and advantages in the treatment of COPD, but the mechanism of action is unclear. As an important part of system biology, network pharmacology illustrates the response of living organisms to disease stimulation and drug therapy from the perspective of biological network system by constructing the "component-target-pathway-disease" interaction network. Its holistic and systematic concept is consistent with the theory of "holistic concept "and" syndrome differentiation" of TCM, and coincides with the synergistic characteristics of "multi-component,multi-target and multi-channel" of TCM. In recent years, network pharmacology has been increasingly applied to the study of TCM in the treatment of COPD in terms of pharmacodynamic substance basis and mechanism of action, which reveals the great significance of TCM in improving inflammatory response, oxidative stress, protease/anti-protease imbalance, cell apoptosis and other aspects. However, the current research is still at an initial stage, and there are still some deficiencies in the reliability, standardization and verifiability of the research. Therefore, we review the research of network pharmacology in the mechanisms of COPD and its existing problems, so as to provide a reference for the further study on the mechanism of action.