沙利霉素抗肿瘤机制的研究进展

沙利霉素是从白色链霉菌发酵液中分离出的一种羧基聚醚类钾离子载体抗生素，广泛应用于家禽球虫病的防治。2009年首次发现沙利霉素对乳腺癌干细胞具有特异性抑制作用，此后的研究表明，沙利霉素能够有效抑制口腔鳞状细胞癌、卵巢癌、鼻咽癌、乳腺癌和肺癌等多种肿瘤细胞的增殖、转移和侵袭。沙利霉素通过靶向肿瘤干细胞、逆转肿瘤细胞耐药性、抑制肿瘤血管生成和上皮间充质转化、调节肿瘤细胞自噬发挥抗肿瘤作用。本文旨在对沙利霉素的具体抗肿瘤机制作一综述，为其在临床上进一步应用提供理论基础。

The mechanism of salinomycin in inhibiting tumors

Salinomycin is a monocarboxylic polyether potassium carrier antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces albus fermentation broth. It is widely used to control coccidiosis in poultry. In 2009, salinomycin was first found to have a specific inhibitory effect on breast cancer stem cells, and subsequent studies have shown that salinomycin can effectively inhibit the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer. Salinomycin plays an anti-tumor role by targeting cancer stem cells, reversing drug resistance of tumor cells, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, and regulating autophagy of tumor cells. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the specific anticancer mechanism of salinomycin and provide a theoretical basis for its further application in clinical practice.