中药治疗甲基苯丙胺依赖研究进展＊

2019年中国禁毒报告指出,甲基苯丙胺已成为中国第一滥用的非法精神活性药物,其合成工艺简单、易获取、致幻和成瘾性强,长期吸食易产生依赖,诱导神经及重要脏器损伤,因其分布广泛性、滥用严重性、社会危害性等备受关注,治疗甲基苯丙胺成瘾已成为亟待解决的医学和社会问题。中药戒毒历史悠久,近年来,除延胡索、人参、钩藤等传统戒毒中药外,天麻、黄芪、肉桂、白果等中药及中药提取成分大麻二酚、白藜芦醇、木犀草素、茶多酚等在治疗甲基苯丙胺成瘾中均取得一定进展,福康片、逍遥散、南宝戒毒清胶囊等复方制剂在甲基苯丙胺依赖戒断综合征治疗中呈现显著临床疗效。因此查阅国内外近年来的相关文献,对治疗甲基苯丙胺依赖的相关中药的研究做一综述,以中医药理论为指导,总结用药规律,阐明作用机制,为中药戒毒药研究和开发提供研发思路和理论指导。

Research progress in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence with traditional Chinese medicine

The 2019 China Drug Control Report pointed out that methamphetamine has become the first illegal psychoactive drug abused in China. Methamphetamine has the characteristics of simple synthesis process, easy access, hallucinogenic and addictive. People who take methamphetamine for a long time are prone to dependence, induce nerve and important organ damage. Methamphetamine has attracted much attention due to its widespread distribution, serious abuse and social harm. The treatment of methamphetamine addiction has become an urgent medical and social problem. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of detoxification. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has made certain progress in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Except for Corydalis, Ginseng, and Uncaria, it also includes Gastrodia, Astragalus, Cinnamon, Ginkgo and Chinese herbal extracts such as cannabidiol, resveratrol, luteolin, tea polyphenols, etc. Compound preparations such as Fukang Tablets, Xiaoyao San, and Nanbao Jieduqing Capsules have shown significant clinical treatment effects in methamphetamine dependence. Therefore, the paper reviewed the relevant researches on the treatment of methamphetamine dependence at China and abroad in recent years guiding by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and aimed to provide research and development ideas and theoretical guidance for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine for treating drug addicition.