A community pharmacy practice-based research network: A protocol for a realist evaluation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia;2. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia;3. Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia;4. School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia;5. Department of Social Work, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia;1. Scholarship and Research, Department of PA Studies, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;2. Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;3. Department of PA Studies, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;4. Pharmacy Practice and Chair, Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, University of North Carolina, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, USA;5. J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging and Rehabilitation, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, USA;6. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA;7. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;8. Clinical Education, Physician Assistant Studies Program, Seton Hill University, USA;9. Scholarship and Research, Department of PA Studies, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;1. University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA;2. University of Hawaii, Hilo, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI, 96720, USA;1. Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology of the University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal;2. Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal;3. Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundCommunity pharmacists' active participation in research is essential to build a robust, translatable evidence base. Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) have been established to support collaborative research and knowledge translation in community pharmacies. However, PBRNs' effectiveness in supporting research engagement and knowledge translation remains unexplored. A new PBRN will be implemented in southeast Queensland, Australia. This realist evaluation seeks to explain whether, how, why, for whom, in what context and over what duration the PBRN supports community pharmacists to engage in research.Objectives1. to generate transferable knowledge about the different circumstances in which—and the mechanisms by which—a PBRN influences research engagement outcomes for different community pharmacists, in the form of a program theory.2. To use the program theory to develop evidence-informed recommendations for use by PBRN stakeholders.MethodsA realist evaluation will be conducted in four iterative phases: (1) theory development, (2) hypothesis generation, (3) observations, and (4) theory refinement. A two-year multi-method study will be conducted, including interviews with pharmacists, surveys, participatory and observational data collection. The evidence will be used to confirm, refute, and/or refine the program theory. The evaluation will adhere to the Realist And Meta-Narrative Evidence Synthesis (RAMESES) publication and quality standards.ConclusionsThe evaluation will contribute to the body of knowledge by generating a realist program theory to explain how, why, for whom, in what contexts, to what extent, in what respects, and over what duration the PBRN supports community pharmacists to engage in research. The findings will support the broader implementation of PBRNs and future network activities. |
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| Keywords: | Realist evaluation Community pharmacy Practice-based research network PBRN Research engagement Research network |
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