青岛市农村急救网络建设：成效及探讨

2004年起，青岛市政府、卫生局积极推进郊县五市一区的农村基层院外急救网络建设。建立市、县、乡调度指挥一体的院外急救网络实现急救网络对接；统一调度，整合调配医疗资源；10余个子系统组成急救通讯网络，缩短急救半径、急救时间；仪器配置、合理整合信息系统等方面，建设青岛市农村急救网络。农村地区的平均受理时间由之前的3．56分钟缩短为0．96分钟，平均反应时间由38.4分钟缩短为15．6分钟；青岛农村地区平均每急救单元服务人数减少为8万左右。独立指挥＋公立医院专业急救队伍的急救体系是当前中两部欠发达城市的发展方向。依靠原有医院网络快速发展院外急救网络体系的做法无疑是一种投资少、见效快的途径。二级调度指挥中心大多依附于医院。这种模式下调度派车出诊很难做到客观、科学，有时过多考虑了自身利益，人为造成急救半径长、反应时间长，而其他分中心救护车却时有闲置。

Construction of pre-hospital emergency medical network in rural areas in Qingdao:effects and discussion

Since 2004 the municipal government and public health bureau of Qingdao began to construct a unified pre-hospital emergency medical network with integrated dispatch and direction in the rural areas in the 5 county-level cities under its jurisdiction. According to this model, the medical resources are to be allocated in an integrated way. An emergency communication system has been established with more than 10 subsystems, including wired telephone, CDMA, GPS, etc. Thus the rescuing radius and the ambulance reaction time have been shortened, e.g., the dispatch time has been shortened from 3.56 min before to 0.96 rain now, the average rescuing reaction time shortened from 38.4 rain before to 15.6 min now, and the population served per first aid unit decreased from as large as a million before to as low as 80 thousand per first aid unit now. Independent commanding＋professional emergency medical care team in public hospital is indeed an effective direction of development in un-developed areas in China. Establishing a pre-hospital emergency medical care network relying on the existent hospital network is, undoubtedly, a route with low investment and instant effect. However, since most of the secondary dispatch centers are appendages of hospitals, it is difficult to be objective and scientific to dispatch ambulance under this model.