甲状腺肿瘤手术中解剖喉返神经的意义

背景与目的：目前临床对甲状腺肿瘤手术是否常规显露喉返神经仍存在争议，我们探讨术中解剖喉返神经的方法及其利弊。方法：对手术治疗的甲状腺肿瘤患者456例进行回顾性分析，266例手术常规显露喉返神经，190例手术常规不显露喉返神经，采用解剖区域保护法行甲状腺次全切除术。结果：解剖喉返神经术式组无喉返神经损伤，不显露喉返神经术式者喉返神经损伤4例（暂时性喉返神经损伤3例，永久性喉返神经损伤1例）占2．1％。暂时性喉返神经损伤3例，其中1例因一侧肿瘤较大，2例因结节性甲状腺肿位于甲状腺后背侧造成损伤，永久性喉返神经损伤1例为肿瘤复发再次手术。结论：熟悉喉返神经的解剖和变异，行甲状腺切除术时解剖显露喉返神经可以降低喉返神经损伤的发生率。

The significance of dissecting the laryngeal nerve in operation of thyroid tumour

Background and purpose:There is controversial about dissecting the laryngeal nerve in operation of thyroid tumour in clinic. We adopted the methods of exposure of recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) to study their deficiencies and benefits. Methods:We reviewed review 456 cases of thyroid tumour who were operated. In 266 cases, RLN was unveiled generally. In 190 cases that RLN was not exposed, had subtotal thyroidectomy with protection of amatomical region.Results:RLN injury did not occur in the exposure group. 4 cases occurred in non-exposure group(3 cases of temporary RLN injury and 1 case of permanent RLN injury). Among the 3 cases of temporary RLN injury, one was caused by the large size of tumour, the other two were caused by the location of thyroid tumor. One case of permanent RLN injury was a case of reoperation for recurrence.Conclusions:The familiarity of the anatomy and variation of RLN, and the exposure of RLN in thyroid operation, can reduce the rate of the RLN injury.