天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素

目的探讨分析天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素。方法采用护士职业倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inven-tory,MBI)、护士工作压力源量表对350名在职护士进行问卷调查。结果①病房护士的职业倦怠程度高于门诊;工作职称越高,职业倦怠程度越低;个人月收入越低,职业倦怠程度越高。②相关性分析结果表明,情绪耗竭、去人格化维度与护士工作压力源5个方面存在正相关,低个人成就感与护士工作压力源5个方面呈负相关。③回归分析结果提示,护士总体工作压力对情绪耗竭、去人格化和低个人成就感3个维度均具有预测作用;个人月收入和职称对情绪耗竭和低个人成就感2个维度均具有预测作用;工作类型对情绪耗竭、来自专业及工作的压力对去人格化均具有预测作用。结论不同的工作压力源和个人背景对护士职业倦怠的3个维度具有不同的预测作用。

Job burnout of nurses and its influencing factors in Tianjin

Objective]To explore the status of job burnout among nurses in Tianjin,and analyze its influencing factorsMethods] A total of 350 employed nurses were investigated by Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI) and Nurse Job Stressor Questionnaire.Results]①The job burnout of ward nurses is higher than of clinic nurses;the higher the professional title they had,the lower the burnout level was;the lower of the salary,the higher of the job burnout.②Correlation analysis showed positive correlation existed between emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and 5 aspects of the stressor of job burnout,while negative correlation existed between low sense of achievement and 5 aspects of the stressor of job burnout.③Regressive analysis suggested the overall pressure could predict emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low sense of achievement;monthly salary and professional title could predict emotional exhaustion and low sense of achievement;the type of work predicted emotional exhaustion,and pressure from profession and work predicted depersonalization.Conclusion]Different stressors and personal background predict 3 dimensions of nurses’ job burnout at various extents.